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不同环境因子对桉树枝瘿姬小蜂生长适应性的影响

刘雅 符元慧 郭春晖 陈文佳 杨奇龙 杨振德 谢金婷 李俊珏

刘雅,符元慧,郭春晖,等. 不同环境因子对桉树枝瘿姬小蜂生长适应性的影响 [J]. 福建农业学报,2023,38(10):1204−1213 doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2023.10.009
引用本文: 刘雅,符元慧,郭春晖,等. 不同环境因子对桉树枝瘿姬小蜂生长适应性的影响 [J]. 福建农业学报,2023,38(10):1204−1213 doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2023.10.009
LIU Y, FU Y H, GUO C H, et al. Adaptation of Leptocybe invase to Varying Environmental Conditions [J]. Fujian Journal of Agricultural Sciences,2023,38(10):1204−1213 doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2023.10.009
Citation: LIU Y, FU Y H, GUO C H, et al. Adaptation of Leptocybe invase to Varying Environmental Conditions [J]. Fujian Journal of Agricultural Sciences,2023,38(10):1204−1213 doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2023.10.009

不同环境因子对桉树枝瘿姬小蜂生长适应性的影响

doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2023.10.009
基金项目: 国家自然科学基金面上项目(31971664)
详细信息
    作者简介:

    刘雅(1997 —),女,硕士研究生,主要从事植物保护方面的研究,E-mail:ly277138581@163.com

    通讯作者:

    杨振德(1966 —),男,博士,教授,主要从事昆虫与植物的互作研究,E-mail:dzyang68@126.com

  • 中图分类号: S763

Adaptation of Leptocybe invase to Varying Environmental Conditions

  • 摘要:   目的  研究环境因子对桉树枝瘿姬小蜂生长适应性的影响,旨在探究该害虫快速入侵及适应新环境的生理机制。  方法  测定不同地理区域的形态指标、不同温度下的形态指标、呼吸强度、保护酶(超氧化物歧化酶、过氧化氢酶、过氧化物酶)活性和取食不同寄主的形态指标、解毒酶(乙酰胆碱酯酶、羧酸酯酶、谷胱甘肽-S转移酶、多酚氧化酶)活性。  结果  桉树枝瘿姬小蜂的形态指标与纬度呈现负相关的趋势;温度对桉树枝瘿姬小蜂的呼吸强度和体内的保护酶活性均存在显著影响,20~30 ℃范围内,桉树枝瘿姬小蜂的呼吸速率和保护酶活性相对稳定,当超过30 ℃时,桉树枝瘿姬小蜂的呼吸速率显著上升,但是保护酶活性显著下降;当低于20 ℃时桉树枝瘿姬小蜂的呼吸速率显著下降,保护酶活性也显著下降。不同寄主对桉树枝瘿姬小蜂体内的解毒酶活性和形态指标也存在着显著的影响,取食巨园桉DH201-2的桉树枝瘿姬小蜂形态指标与4种解毒酶(乙酰胆碱酯酶、羧酸酯酶、谷胱甘肽-S转移酶、多酚氧化酶)的平均活性均高于取食窿缘桉的桉树枝瘿姬小蜂相应的指标。  结论  桉树枝瘿姬小蜂的形态大小与纬度呈现负相关的趋势,该害虫的适宜温区是20~30 ℃,取食巨园桉的形态指标和解毒酶活性均高于取食窿缘桉的。
  • 图  1  个体大小与纬度之间的关系

    Figure  1.  Relationship between latitude and body size of female L. invase

    图  2  接种5代后不同地理种群桉树枝瘿姬小蜂的形态指标

    图中不同字母表示组内各个形态指标有显著性差异(P<0.05)。

    Figure  2.  Morphological indicators of L. invase from different geographical locations 5 generations after inoculation

    Data with different letters in same group indicate significant differences on morphological index atP<0.05.

    图  3  不同寄主桉树枝瘿姬小蜂形态指标

    **表示差异极显著 (P < 0.01)。

    Figure  3.  Morphological indicators of female L. invase adults fed on different host plants

    ** indicates extremely significant difference (t-test, P<0.01).

    图  4  不同温度下桉树枝瘿姬小蜂形态指标

    图中不同字母表示不同温度间有显著性差异(P<0.05)。图5同。

    Figure  4.  Morphological indicators of L. invase adults living under different temperatures

    Data with different letters mean significant differences at P<0.05. Same for Fig. 5.

    图  5  不同温度对桉树枝瘿姬小蜂CO2的释放速率的影响

    Figure  5.  Effect of temperature on CO2 release of L. invases

    图  6  温度与CO2释放速率和保护酶活性的相关性

    图中*、**和***表示相关性分别为P<0.05、P<0.01,P<0.001。

    Figure  6.  Correlations between temperature and CO2 release and protection enzyme activity of L. invases

    *, **, and *** indicate correlation at P<0.05, P<0.01, and P<0.001, respectively.

    图  7  不同温度对桉树枝瘿姬小蜂体内保护酶的影响

    Figure  7.  Effect of temperature on protective enzymes in L. invases

    图  8  不同寄主植物对桉树枝瘿姬小蜂体内解毒酶活性的影响

    **表示差异极显著(t-test,P < 0.01)。

    Figure  8.  Effect of host plant on detoxification enzyme of L. invase

    ** indicates extremely significant difference (t-test, P<0.01).

    表  1  不同地理种群下桉树枝瘿姬小蜂的形态指标

    Table  1.   Morphological indicators of L. invases from different geographic locations

    地理种群
    Geographic populations
    体长
    Body length/μm
    头宽
    Head width/μm
    胸宽
    Chest width/μm
    腹宽
    Abdominal width/μm
    翅展
    Wingspan/μm
    南宁(NN) 1265.68±11.28a 372.10±3.88a 374.04±2.76a 464.35±4.35a 2711.93±22.52a
    梧州(WZ)1199.81±11.19b370.65±2.40a372.19±2.16a433.95±6.63b2655.34±19.29a
    赣州(GZ)1070.30±9.37c336.69±3.35b328.40±1.66b394.97±5.31c2457.55±17.59b
    三明(SM)1064.06±7.70c334.57±3.28b335.53±2.41b405.22±3.67c2487.28±18.80b
    攀枝花(PZH)1084.94±10.07c338.92±2.30b331.60±2.86b396.58±2.25c2477.85±28.57b
    表中数据为平均值±标准误,不同字母表示同一列数据间有显著性差异(P <0.05)。
    Data are average±standard error; those with different letters on same column indicate significant differences.
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  2  桉树枝瘿姬小蜂形态指标各个主成分的特征值

    Table  2.   Eigenvalues of principle components on body size of female L. invasa adults

    主成分
    Principal
    Components
    特征值
    Eigenvalue
    贡献率
    Contribution
    rate/%
    累计贡献率
    Cumulative
    contribution
    rate/%
    1 4.33 86.62 86.62
    20.316.2792.89
    30.224.3097.19
    40.091.8499.03
    50.050.97100
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  3  不同温度下桉树枝瘿姬小蜂保护酶的活性

    Table  3.   Protective enzyme activities of L. invases grown under different temperatures

    温度
    Temperature
    酶 Enzymes
    超氧化物歧化酶
    SOD/(U·mg−1
    过氧化氢酶
    CAT/(U·mg−1
    过氧化物酶
    POD/(U·mg−1
    15 ℃ 6.26±0.34 b 21.65±0.02 b 17.15±0.01 b
    20 ℃9.73±0.31 a29.30±0.45 a24.10±0.01 a
    25 ℃10.39±0.20 a30.15±0.01 a24.09±0.03a
    30 ℃10.09±0.09 a28.85±0.14 a22.58±0.02 a
    35 ℃6.57±0.14 b20.16±0.02 b15.65±0.03 c
    图中不同字母表示不同温度间有显著性差异(P<0.05)。
    Data with different letters indicate significant differences at P<0.05.
    下载: 导出CSV
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  • 收稿日期:  2023-04-26
  • 修回日期:  2023-08-15
  • 网络出版日期:  2023-10-25
  • 刊出日期:  2023-10-28

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