Breeding and Cultivation of High Yield and Quality New Vegetable Soybean Variety ‘Mindou No.13’
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摘要:
目的 通过有性杂交系谱选育高产优质的鲜食大豆新品种，提高了鲜食大豆育种效率，以促进鲜食大豆种业多样化。开展适应福建气候特点的鲜食大豆新品种选育，有助于鲜食大豆产业的发展及乡村振兴。 方法 以浙鲜12号为母本，交大18为父本进行有性杂交，经系谱选育，聚合父母本优良基因，定向选出组合17B34-2-1。 结果 2019年冬进行品比试验，平均鲜荚产量 11753.40 kg·hm-2，比对照组毛豆3号（CK）显著提高15.00 %，定名为闽豆13号。闽豆13号在2020-2021年福建省鲜食大豆品种区域试验中，平均鲜荚产量11348.40 kg·hm−2，比对照毛豆3号（CK）增产4.07 %；该品种于翌年7月通过福建省主要农作物品种审定委员会审定（闽审豆20220002 ）。结论 育成鲜食大豆新品种闽豆13号，该品种具鲜荚产量高、食味品质佳、适应性广等特点，属中熟鲜食大豆品种，适宜在福建省大豆产区春季种植推广。 Abstract:Objective Through sexual breeding lines, high-yield and high-quality vegetable soybean varieties are selected to improve the breeding efficiency of fresh soybeans and promoted the diversification of the fresh soybean seed industry. Cultivating new varieties of vegetable soybeans suitable for the climatic conditions of Fujian Province will drive the development of the vegetable soybean industry and the revitalization of rural. Method Hybridization, Zhexian 12 as female parent and Jiaoda 18 as male parent, was carried out. Using pedigree selection, the line with excellent genes originated from parents was selected and named as 17B34-2-1. Result In the winter of 2019, the average yield of fresh pods was 11753.40 kg·hm−2, which was 15.00 % higher than that of the control Maodou No. 3 (CK) with significant increase in yield. It was named Mindou 13. In 2020 and 2021 Fujian Provincial regional trials, the average fresh pod yield of Mindou 13 was11348.40 kg·hm−2, which was 4.07 % higher than that of Maodou No. 3(CK). The new variety was approved and released by the Fujian Provincial Committee of crop variety Identification in July 2022.Conclusion A new vegetable soybean variety ‘Mindou No.13’ was bred, which has the characteristics of high yield of fresh pod, advantaged of tastes distinct fragrance, sweet, soft and glutinous quality and wide adaptability. It is a medium-matured vegetable soybean variety, and suitable for spring planting in Fujian Province. -
Key words:
- Vegetable soybean /
- new variety /
- Mindou No.13 /
- breeding
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表 1 两年区域品比试验农艺性状和经济性状评价
Table 1. Evaluation of agronomic and economic traits in 2 years regional comparison trials
年份
Year品种
Variety生育
日数
Growth
days/d株高
Plant
height/
cm茎粗
Stem
thickness/
cm主茎
节数
Number of
main
stem nodes有效
分枝数
Number of
effective
branches单株有
效荚数
Effective
number
of pods单株
荚重
Fresh
yield per
plant/g百粒
鲜重
100-fresh
seeds
weight/g单株标
准荚数
Standard
pods
per plant标准
荚长
Standard
pod
length/
cm标准
荚宽
Standard
pod
width/
cm每公斤标
准荚数
Number of
standard
pods per
kilogram2020 闽豆13号
Mindou No.1377 41 0.9 8.3 4.4 37.8 84.6 79.5 26.3 5.5 1.4 334.1 毛豆3号（CK）
Maodou No.3（CK）75.2 36.04 0.66 8.2 3.6 29.8 66.94 74.9 18 5.41 1.37 322.5 平均 Average 76.1 38.52 0.78 8.3 4 33.8 75.77 77.2 22.2 5.46 1.39 328.3 2021 闽豆13号
Mindou No.1378.7 41.2 0.8 7.5 3.7 30.1 73.2 82.5 22.9 6 1.4 287 毛豆3号（CK）
Maodou No.3（CK）76.3 41.7 0.7 7.8 3.5 28.1 66.16 80.49 26.81 5.87 1.42 297.3 平均 Average 77.5 41.45 0.75 7.7 3.6 29.1 69.68 81.5 24.78 5.94 1.41 292.2 
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表 2 品比试验收获产量差异统计
Table 2. Harvest yield differential statistics of the variety compared experiment
品种（品系）
Variety（species）每13.3m2产量
Yield per 13.3 m2/kg差异显著性分析
Significance of differences收获荚果产量
Harvest pod
yield/（kg·hm−2）较毛豆3号（CK）增减比
Than Maodou No. 3
（CK）increase or decrease ratio/ %0.05 0.01 17B34-1 12.79 a A 12786.75 25.11 闽豆13号
Mindou No.1311.75 ab AB 11753.40 15.00 17B40-1 11.21 bc BC 11206.65 9.65 17B40-2 10.85 bc BCD 10853.40 6.20 17B4-1 10.70 bc BCD 10703.40 4.73 毛豆3号（CK）
Maodou No.3（CK）10.22 cd CDE 10220.10 0.00 17B4-2 9.37 de DE 9373.35 −8.29 06B24-2 8.98 e E 8976.75 −12.17 闽豆12号原组合编号“17B40-1-1”
Initial code for Mindou No.12 was 17B40-1-1
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表 3 闽豆13号2年区域试验不同地点产量结果统计
Table 3. Statistics of yield results at different locations in the 2 years regional trial of Mindou No. 13
（单位：kg） 年份
Year品种
Variety南平
Nanping漳州
Zhangzhou莆田
Putian连江
Lianjiang翔安
Xiang’an明溪
Mingxi泉州
Quanzhou平均
Average2020 闽豆13号
Mindou No.1312.93 15.25 14.43 11.83 17.52 16.47 17.33 15.11 毛豆3号（CK）
Maodou No.3（CK）10.80 18.10 15.11 11.27 15.70 14.68 16.09 14.54 平均
Average11.87 16.68 14.77 11.55 16.61 15.58 16.71 14.83 2021 闽豆13号
Mindou No.1310.50 21.79 13.24 10.70 15.12 15.57 19.12 15.15 毛豆3号（CK）
Maodou No.3（CK）10.33 21.52 12.29 10.57 15.11 14.85 17.07 14.48 平均
Average10.42 21.66 12.77 10.64 15.11 15.21 18.10 14.85
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表 4 闽豆13号2年内区域试验的产量表现
Table 4. Yield performance of Mindou No.13 in 2 years regional trials
年份
Year收获产量
Harvest yield/（kg·hm−2）增产率
Yield increase rate/%标准荚产量
Standard pod yield/（kg·hm−2）增产率
Yield increase rate/%标准荚率
Standard pod rate/%闽豆13号
Mindou No.13毛豆3号（CK）
Maodou No.3（CK）闽豆13号
Mindou No.13毛豆3号（CK）
Maodou No.3 （CK）2020 11335.35 10907.85 3.92** 8466.90 8375.10 1.10 74.69 2021 11361.30 10901.25 4.22 7620.45 7346.10 3.73 67.07 平均
Average11348.40 10904.55 4.07 8044.05 7860.30 2.34 70.88
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表 5 闽豆13号2年在区域试验的高产和稳定性综合评价
Table 5. Comprehensive evaluation of high yield and stability of Mindou No.13 for 2 years in regional trials
年份
Year品种
Variety丰产性参数
Fertility parameters稳定性参数
Stability parameters小区
产量
Plot yield/kgS2d
Efficiency value标准差
Standard deviation变异系数
Coefficient of variation（CV）bi
Stability coefficient回归方程
Regression equation综合评价
Comprehensive evaluation2020 闽豆13号
Mindou No.1315.11 0.74 0.630 5.25 0.9853 Y= 1.0689 +0.9853x很好
Very Good毛豆3号（CK）
Maodou No.3（CK）14.54 0.29 1.858 9.38 1.0953 Y=− 1.0722 +1.0953x好
Good2021 闽豆13号
Mindou No.1315.15 0.88 0.990 6.57 1.0469 Y= 0.0650 +1.0469x很好
Very Good毛豆3号（CK）
Maodou No.3（CK）14.48 0.13 0.152 2.68 1.0138 Y=− 0.0722 +1.0138x好
Good
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表 6 闽豆13号品质表现
Table 6. Quality index of Mindou No.13
品种
Variety蛋白质
Protein/%脂肪
Fat/%可溶性糖
Soluble sugar/%淀粉
Starch/%水分
Water/%闽豆13号
Mindou No.1311.80 5.70 0.034 6.41 67.70
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表 7 闽豆13号和毛豆3号（CK）炭疽病抗性鉴定
Table 7. Resistance identification to Anthracnose of Mindou 13 and Maodou 3（CK）
品种
Variety年份
Year病情指数
Disease index抗性评价
Resistance evaluation闽豆13号
Mindou No.132020 51.25 感病（S） 2021 57.90 感病（S） 毛豆3号
Maodou No.32020 50.62 感病（S） 2021 46.55 感病（S）
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