2009 Vol. 24, No. 6
Display Method:
2009, 24(6): 495-499.
Abstract:
"Ⅱ Youhang No.1" was developed by crossing the good quality three-line male sterile "Ⅱ-32A" with the restorer line "Hang No.1." The hybrid rice combination exhibited the desirable characteristics including high and stable yield,wide ecological adaptabilities and high seed production.It has been certified by the crop variety evaluation committees in Fujian in 2001,and subsequently,in China in 2005.This paper presents the breeding process,characteristics,cultivation techniques and seed production of ⅡYouhang No.1.
"Ⅱ Youhang No.1" was developed by crossing the good quality three-line male sterile "Ⅱ-32A" with the restorer line "Hang No.1." The hybrid rice combination exhibited the desirable characteristics including high and stable yield,wide ecological adaptabilities and high seed production.It has been certified by the crop variety evaluation committees in Fujian in 2001,and subsequently,in China in 2005.This paper presents the breeding process,characteristics,cultivation techniques and seed production of ⅡYouhang No.1.
2009, 24(6): 500-503.
Abstract:
In order to breed a new,quality,purple sweet potato variety,the Crop Institute of Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences and Fujian Agricultural Department collaborated in the study.It began by selecting appropriate parents and breeding technology.After several years of hard work,we successfully bred the new purple variety,Fushu 9.This good eating variety had the characteristics of higher yield and better tolerance to stresses than other purple varieties,such as Xiayin 1.The variety's tuber dry matter was 32.1% and starch content 19.9%.It was subjected to the Fujian regional variety test in 2005,certified by Fujian Committee for Crop Variety Registration in 2008.
In order to breed a new,quality,purple sweet potato variety,the Crop Institute of Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences and Fujian Agricultural Department collaborated in the study.It began by selecting appropriate parents and breeding technology.After several years of hard work,we successfully bred the new purple variety,Fushu 9.This good eating variety had the characteristics of higher yield and better tolerance to stresses than other purple varieties,such as Xiayin 1.The variety's tuber dry matter was 32.1% and starch content 19.9%.It was subjected to the Fujian regional variety test in 2005,certified by Fujian Committee for Crop Variety Registration in 2008.
2009, 24(6): 504-507.
Abstract:
Ten randomly selected samples of sweet potatoes of different colors(i.e.,red,yellow and purple) were used for the evaluation.The amino acid composition and protein nutritional value of the sweet potatoes were evaluated by using the international standard methods.The results indicated that the total essential amino acids in all samples were higher than the FAO/WHO standards recommended for human nutrition,but lower than egg.All sweet potatoes were rich in Tyr,and had Met as their top limiting amino acid.The contents of protein and amino acids differed among the sweet potatoes of different flesh color,in the order of purpleredyellow.But the order was in reverse where the balance of the essential amino acids was concerned.
Ten randomly selected samples of sweet potatoes of different colors(i.e.,red,yellow and purple) were used for the evaluation.The amino acid composition and protein nutritional value of the sweet potatoes were evaluated by using the international standard methods.The results indicated that the total essential amino acids in all samples were higher than the FAO/WHO standards recommended for human nutrition,but lower than egg.All sweet potatoes were rich in Tyr,and had Met as their top limiting amino acid.The contents of protein and amino acids differed among the sweet potatoes of different flesh color,in the order of purpleredyellow.But the order was in reverse where the balance of the essential amino acids was concerned.
2009, 24(6): 508-512.
Abstract:
The 18S-26S rDNA-ITS base sequences of Radix ophiopogonis and Radix liriopes from different geographical regions were compared by using the specific PCR-ITS.The complete sequences of ITS and 5.8S rDNA,as well as partial sequences of 18S rDNA and 26S rDNA,in the range of 696-711 bp for the seven samples were obtained.By comparing the sequences,it was apparent that the ITS sequences of R. ophiopogonis and R. liriopes from different regions varied.Our analytical results provided a basis for molecular identification of the species.
The 18S-26S rDNA-ITS base sequences of Radix ophiopogonis and Radix liriopes from different geographical regions were compared by using the specific PCR-ITS.The complete sequences of ITS and 5.8S rDNA,as well as partial sequences of 18S rDNA and 26S rDNA,in the range of 696-711 bp for the seven samples were obtained.By comparing the sequences,it was apparent that the ITS sequences of R. ophiopogonis and R. liriopes from different regions varied.Our analytical results provided a basis for molecular identification of the species.
2009, 24(6): 513-516.
Abstract:
Seventeen minerals in the tubers of Ophiopogon and Liriope from different botanical sources and harvested from various areas were determined by using ICP-AES.Their distribution characteristics were analyzed.The results showed that the Fe content and Zn/Cu ratio in the tubers of Liriope muscari(Desne)Bailey in Fujian were the highest among all samples.Thus,as far as the trace elements are concerned,the "yang yin yi qi effect"(the nutraceutical functions) of that specific species was superior to the others.The analytical results obtained from this study provide information on the mineral contents and the tuber's efficacy as a feed additive.
Seventeen minerals in the tubers of Ophiopogon and Liriope from different botanical sources and harvested from various areas were determined by using ICP-AES.Their distribution characteristics were analyzed.The results showed that the Fe content and Zn/Cu ratio in the tubers of Liriope muscari(Desne)Bailey in Fujian were the highest among all samples.Thus,as far as the trace elements are concerned,the "yang yin yi qi effect"(the nutraceutical functions) of that specific species was superior to the others.The analytical results obtained from this study provide information on the mineral contents and the tuber's efficacy as a feed additive.
2009, 24(6): 517-520.
Abstract:
Conventional insecticide control became less effective and the beetle's insecticide resistance increased.This study screened the SFB populations by exposing the insects to dichlorvos two consecutive times to obtain high resistance individuals.The insecticide susceptibility,activities of carboxylesterase(CarE),acetylcholinesterase(AChE) and glutathione-S-transferase(GST),as well as the kinetic constants of screened(SP) and control populations(CP) were determined.The results indicated that LC50 value of SP was slightly higher than CP.The maximum velocity(Vmax) and Michaelis constant(Km) of CarE in SP were much less than that in CP.The AchE activity of SP was 0.0074 OD412insect-1min-1,significantly lower than that of CP(0.009 6 OD412 insect-1min-1).And,the GST activity of SP was 0.0050 OD340insect-1min-1,significantly higher than that of CP(0.0036 OD340insect-1min-1).Our study suggested that the resistance of SFB to dichlorvos might relate to the decreased activity of AChE as well as the increased activities of CarE and GST.
Conventional insecticide control became less effective and the beetle's insecticide resistance increased.This study screened the SFB populations by exposing the insects to dichlorvos two consecutive times to obtain high resistance individuals.The insecticide susceptibility,activities of carboxylesterase(CarE),acetylcholinesterase(AChE) and glutathione-S-transferase(GST),as well as the kinetic constants of screened(SP) and control populations(CP) were determined.The results indicated that LC50 value of SP was slightly higher than CP.The maximum velocity(Vmax) and Michaelis constant(Km) of CarE in SP were much less than that in CP.The AchE activity of SP was 0.0074 OD412insect-1min-1,significantly lower than that of CP(0.009 6 OD412 insect-1min-1).And,the GST activity of SP was 0.0050 OD340insect-1min-1,significantly higher than that of CP(0.0036 OD340insect-1min-1).Our study suggested that the resistance of SFB to dichlorvos might relate to the decreased activity of AChE as well as the increased activities of CarE and GST.
2009, 24(6): 521-524.
Abstract:
The gene coding for green fluorescent protein(GFP) was successfully transferred to Fusarium oxysporum f.sp.niveum strain,FOV-135,by using the protoplast-mediated genetic transformation system.The transformants were stable after five successive subcultures.Four to six stable transformants could be obtained from one microgram of plasmid DNA.The PCR amplification confirmed that the gfp gene had been transformed to FOV-135.
The gene coding for green fluorescent protein(GFP) was successfully transferred to Fusarium oxysporum f.sp.niveum strain,FOV-135,by using the protoplast-mediated genetic transformation system.The transformants were stable after five successive subcultures.Four to six stable transformants could be obtained from one microgram of plasmid DNA.The PCR amplification confirmed that the gfp gene had been transformed to FOV-135.
2009, 24(6): 525-527.
Abstract:
Red-flesh sweet pomelo is a new mutant strain.To study the sources of the variation,pollens of red-flesh sweet pomelo,Guanxi sweet pomelo and Xiahe sweet pomelo were compared.The results showed that:(a) the pollen external appearance,shape and size of the red-flesh pomelo were similar to those of Guanxi sweet pomelos;(b) there were greater differences between the red-flesh and Xiahe sweet pomelo;(c) the main aperture types of the red-flesh and Guanxi sweet pomelo were both 5 colporate and no significant difference in their perforation density,while apparent difference existed between the red-flesh and Xiahe sweet pomelo;and(d) sporopollen identification further confirmed that there was only a minute genetic distance between the red-flesh and Guanxi sweet pomelo.
Red-flesh sweet pomelo is a new mutant strain.To study the sources of the variation,pollens of red-flesh sweet pomelo,Guanxi sweet pomelo and Xiahe sweet pomelo were compared.The results showed that:(a) the pollen external appearance,shape and size of the red-flesh pomelo were similar to those of Guanxi sweet pomelos;(b) there were greater differences between the red-flesh and Xiahe sweet pomelo;(c) the main aperture types of the red-flesh and Guanxi sweet pomelo were both 5 colporate and no significant difference in their perforation density,while apparent difference existed between the red-flesh and Xiahe sweet pomelo;and(d) sporopollen identification further confirmed that there was only a minute genetic distance between the red-flesh and Guanxi sweet pomelo.
2009, 24(6): 528-530.
Abstract:
Balsam pear Minyan 2 was the F1 cross between "Fuzhou nanyu" and "Guangdong qingpi." It displayed an early-middle ripening characteristic.The fruit was long cylindrical in shape with glossy green skin,weighing about 400 g on average,and measuring 26-35cm in length,6-7 cm in diameter and 0.8-1.1 cm in flesh thickness.The flesh of the fruit was crispy and sweet with a slight bitter taste.The fruit yield was as high as 45000 kghm-2,,which was 5.4% to 20.6% higher than those of the local cultivars commonly found in Minhou,Yongan and Shanghang Cities.
Balsam pear Minyan 2 was the F1 cross between "Fuzhou nanyu" and "Guangdong qingpi." It displayed an early-middle ripening characteristic.The fruit was long cylindrical in shape with glossy green skin,weighing about 400 g on average,and measuring 26-35cm in length,6-7 cm in diameter and 0.8-1.1 cm in flesh thickness.The flesh of the fruit was crispy and sweet with a slight bitter taste.The fruit yield was as high as 45000 kghm-2,,which was 5.4% to 20.6% higher than those of the local cultivars commonly found in Minhou,Yongan and Shanghang Cities.
2009, 24(6): 531-534.
Abstract:
This experiment induced ZhaoZhong NO.6 and DongHuZhao loquat parthenocarpy by GA3+CPPU to observe the seedless fruit's phenophase,bud spikes,flowers and fruit morphology.We analyzed the fruit growth and development,and explored the flowering habits of the artificially induced loquat parthenocarpy.The results showed that(a) the phenophase of loquat parthenocarpy was advanced by the artificial induction;(b) the buds and fruits became longer;(c) it was dichogamy with the stamen scorched 3-7 days earlier than the pistil;(d) the florescence was shortened;(e) the growth and development of seedless fruits was a single "S" type;and(f) it needed a supply of plant growth regulators during fruit formation and young fruit growth stage in areas of warm climate in the winter.
This experiment induced ZhaoZhong NO.6 and DongHuZhao loquat parthenocarpy by GA3+CPPU to observe the seedless fruit's phenophase,bud spikes,flowers and fruit morphology.We analyzed the fruit growth and development,and explored the flowering habits of the artificially induced loquat parthenocarpy.The results showed that(a) the phenophase of loquat parthenocarpy was advanced by the artificial induction;(b) the buds and fruits became longer;(c) it was dichogamy with the stamen scorched 3-7 days earlier than the pistil;(d) the florescence was shortened;(e) the growth and development of seedless fruits was a single "S" type;and(f) it needed a supply of plant growth regulators during fruit formation and young fruit growth stage in areas of warm climate in the winter.
2009, 24(6): 535-539.
Abstract:
To optimize the ethanol extraction of flavonoid from Dimocarpus longan Lour.Aril,ethanol concentration,temperature,water bath time,material-solvent ratio and extraction time were used as the criteria in the progressive single factor experiment.An orthogonal test of four factors and four levels was designed.The results showed that 85% ethanol,70℃,2.5h in a water bath and 1∶3 material-solvent ratio were the best conditions for the extraction process.
To optimize the ethanol extraction of flavonoid from Dimocarpus longan Lour.Aril,ethanol concentration,temperature,water bath time,material-solvent ratio and extraction time were used as the criteria in the progressive single factor experiment.An orthogonal test of four factors and four levels was designed.The results showed that 85% ethanol,70℃,2.5h in a water bath and 1∶3 material-solvent ratio were the best conditions for the extraction process.
2009, 24(6): 540-544.
Abstract:
The late-maturing,high-quality orange,"Murcott",was partly grafted on ponkan tree.The young Murcott fruits were removed to allow the photosynthesis products of the leaves to be diverted to the fruits on the host tree.Thereby,the quality of ponkan fruits was greatly improved.The improvements gained included(a) a delayed maturation of 30 to 45d as compared to the control;(b) the average soluble solids content of the fruits reached 15.1%,which was 34.7% higher than regular ponkan,as determined by Fujian Entry-Exit Inspection Quarantine Bureau of P.R.China and certified by the specialists for 3 consecutive years;(c) the average seed number in a fruit was markedly reduced to 6.7,a 61.9% decrease from ponkan's 17.6;(d) the rind thickness decreased 28.0%,while it retained its original easy peeling characteristic;and,(e) the flesh was tender and flavorful with a hint of Murcott taste.
The late-maturing,high-quality orange,"Murcott",was partly grafted on ponkan tree.The young Murcott fruits were removed to allow the photosynthesis products of the leaves to be diverted to the fruits on the host tree.Thereby,the quality of ponkan fruits was greatly improved.The improvements gained included(a) a delayed maturation of 30 to 45d as compared to the control;(b) the average soluble solids content of the fruits reached 15.1%,which was 34.7% higher than regular ponkan,as determined by Fujian Entry-Exit Inspection Quarantine Bureau of P.R.China and certified by the specialists for 3 consecutive years;(c) the average seed number in a fruit was markedly reduced to 6.7,a 61.9% decrease from ponkan's 17.6;(d) the rind thickness decreased 28.0%,while it retained its original easy peeling characteristic;and,(e) the flesh was tender and flavorful with a hint of Murcott taste.
2009, 24(6): 545-549.
Abstract:
In order to optimize substrate formulation for the papaya potting,an experiment was conducted.Five different substrates were tested to determine their effects on the growth and fruit-bearing of the dwarf female'Hongling' papaya.The result showed that the most desirable growth,fruit-bearing and root development of the plant were obtained by using 40% vegetable soil +20% sand loamy soil +20% peat soil +20% plant ash,or 40% sand loamy soil +20% vegetable soil +20% peat soil +20% plant ash.There were no significant differences in papaya growth and fruit-bearing between 90% and full water supply.The growth was affected,however,when water supply was limited to 80%,where a dwarf was produced without affecting the fruit-bearing.On the other hand,if the water supply was reduced to less than 70%,the growth,fruit-bearing and fruit size of the papaya plants were seriously hindered.
In order to optimize substrate formulation for the papaya potting,an experiment was conducted.Five different substrates were tested to determine their effects on the growth and fruit-bearing of the dwarf female'Hongling' papaya.The result showed that the most desirable growth,fruit-bearing and root development of the plant were obtained by using 40% vegetable soil +20% sand loamy soil +20% peat soil +20% plant ash,or 40% sand loamy soil +20% vegetable soil +20% peat soil +20% plant ash.There were no significant differences in papaya growth and fruit-bearing between 90% and full water supply.The growth was affected,however,when water supply was limited to 80%,where a dwarf was produced without affecting the fruit-bearing.On the other hand,if the water supply was reduced to less than 70%,the growth,fruit-bearing and fruit size of the papaya plants were seriously hindered.
2009, 24(6): 550-555.
Abstract:
One hundred 30-days old,Fujian yellow譚aihangshan crossed rabbits were divided into 5 groups for the experiment.They were fed with feed containing 0%,5%,10%,15% or 20% of Spartina anglica meal for 50 days.Effects of S.Anglica in diets on the growth performance and blood biochemical parameters of the rabbits were determined.The results showed that(a) addition of 15% S.anglica cut the unit feed cost by 11.58%(P0.05) and the weight gain cost by 11.63%(P0.05),which resulted in an improved gross profit by 6.79%(P0.05),without apparent effect on the animal's feed intake;(b) the serum total protein and albumin increased with increasing S.anglica content in the diet;(c) the serum total protein and albumin was the highest when 15% of S.anglica was used,but no significant difference among the groups(P0.05) was observed;(d) the concentrations of triglyceride and cholesterol declined with increasing S.anglica in the feed;(e) the concentrations of triglyceride were 10.13% and 11.39% and those of cholesterol 8.48% and 10.30% lower in the treatments of 15% and 20% of S.anglica,respectively,than the control(P0.05);and,(f) no significant difference on the activities of 4 serum enzymes among groups(P0.05) was found.
One hundred 30-days old,Fujian yellow譚aihangshan crossed rabbits were divided into 5 groups for the experiment.They were fed with feed containing 0%,5%,10%,15% or 20% of Spartina anglica meal for 50 days.Effects of S.Anglica in diets on the growth performance and blood biochemical parameters of the rabbits were determined.The results showed that(a) addition of 15% S.anglica cut the unit feed cost by 11.58%(P0.05) and the weight gain cost by 11.63%(P0.05),which resulted in an improved gross profit by 6.79%(P0.05),without apparent effect on the animal's feed intake;(b) the serum total protein and albumin increased with increasing S.anglica content in the diet;(c) the serum total protein and albumin was the highest when 15% of S.anglica was used,but no significant difference among the groups(P0.05) was observed;(d) the concentrations of triglyceride and cholesterol declined with increasing S.anglica in the feed;(e) the concentrations of triglyceride were 10.13% and 11.39% and those of cholesterol 8.48% and 10.30% lower in the treatments of 15% and 20% of S.anglica,respectively,than the control(P0.05);and,(f) no significant difference on the activities of 4 serum enzymes among groups(P0.05) was found.
2009, 24(6): 556-561.
Abstract:
Polyodon spathula parents cultivated in a pond in Fujian were stimulated to spawn followed by artificial fertilization using the dry method.The embryonic and postembryonic development observed indicated that(a) the mature eggs were rich in yolk and oval in shape with an average size of(2.41±0.04) mm×(2.30±0.03) mm;(b) the cleavage pattern was special radial holoblastic;(c) at water temperature of 17.0 ℃to19.8 ℃,the embryonic development lasted from 115.75 h to 147.0 h,with a hatching time of 134.75 h;(d) the postembryonic development consisted of three stages,i.e.,yolk-sac larva,late-stage larva and juvenile;(e) at the water temperature of(20±0.5) ℃,the 8-day-old larvae had their yolks exhausted,and the larvae began to feed and entered the late-stage larva;(f) the larvae entered into juvenile stage at water temperature of(22±0.5) ℃ on the 10th day;and(g) when the water temperature reached 21 ℃ to 23 ℃,the 35-day-old fingerlings had an average length of(74.9±16.12) mm,body weight of(2.32±0.55) g and length of snout almost 30% of its eventual length,and the body proportion was similar to the adult paddlefish.
Polyodon spathula parents cultivated in a pond in Fujian were stimulated to spawn followed by artificial fertilization using the dry method.The embryonic and postembryonic development observed indicated that(a) the mature eggs were rich in yolk and oval in shape with an average size of(2.41±0.04) mm×(2.30±0.03) mm;(b) the cleavage pattern was special radial holoblastic;(c) at water temperature of 17.0 ℃to19.8 ℃,the embryonic development lasted from 115.75 h to 147.0 h,with a hatching time of 134.75 h;(d) the postembryonic development consisted of three stages,i.e.,yolk-sac larva,late-stage larva and juvenile;(e) at the water temperature of(20±0.5) ℃,the 8-day-old larvae had their yolks exhausted,and the larvae began to feed and entered the late-stage larva;(f) the larvae entered into juvenile stage at water temperature of(22±0.5) ℃ on the 10th day;and(g) when the water temperature reached 21 ℃ to 23 ℃,the 35-day-old fingerlings had an average length of(74.9±16.12) mm,body weight of(2.32±0.55) g and length of snout almost 30% of its eventual length,and the body proportion was similar to the adult paddlefish.
2009, 24(6): 562-564.
Abstract:
Tenebrio molitor L.larvae were fed on a diet with varying amounts of zinc sulfide to study the zinc bioaccumulation in the insect.Weight of and zinc concentration in the larvae were determined.And,the special growth rate and zinc bioaccumulation factor(BAF) in the larvae were also calculated for the analysis.The result showed that,when the zinc concentration in the diet was 100 mgkg-1,the zinc concentration and BAF in larva were significantly higher than those in the other groups.The weight gain was also higher than the control.When the dietary zinc concentration was higher than 100 mgkg-1,normal larval growth was retarded.
Tenebrio molitor L.larvae were fed on a diet with varying amounts of zinc sulfide to study the zinc bioaccumulation in the insect.Weight of and zinc concentration in the larvae were determined.And,the special growth rate and zinc bioaccumulation factor(BAF) in the larvae were also calculated for the analysis.The result showed that,when the zinc concentration in the diet was 100 mgkg-1,the zinc concentration and BAF in larva were significantly higher than those in the other groups.The weight gain was also higher than the control.When the dietary zinc concentration was higher than 100 mgkg-1,normal larval growth was retarded.
2009, 24(6): 565-569.
Abstract:
Oral or injection immunization with Aeromonas hydrophila-ISCOMs was applied on Anguilla anguilla for the study.The numbers of lymphocytes and goblet cells in the intestinal epithelium of A.anguilla at days 1,7,14 and 21 after the vaccination were determined by using HE and AB-PAS staining.The results showed that the immunization changed the numbers of lymphocytes and goblet cells,and the antibody activity in serum became higher after day 7.It was found that the injection immunization produced a higher antibody activity than the oral application.
Oral or injection immunization with Aeromonas hydrophila-ISCOMs was applied on Anguilla anguilla for the study.The numbers of lymphocytes and goblet cells in the intestinal epithelium of A.anguilla at days 1,7,14 and 21 after the vaccination were determined by using HE and AB-PAS staining.The results showed that the immunization changed the numbers of lymphocytes and goblet cells,and the antibody activity in serum became higher after day 7.It was found that the injection immunization produced a higher antibody activity than the oral application.
2009, 24(6): 570-574.
Abstract:
Based on the nutritional requirements of lactic acid bacteria,the uniform design was used to optimize the formulation of culture medium suitable for the growth of the lactobacillus plantarum for the malolactic fermentation.Orthogonal optimization was further applied for the selection of the LH16(non-Mn2+) and LH18(with Mn2+) medium.By incubating the lactobacillus plantarum in the LH16 and LH18 medium at 25℃ for 24h,the cell densities were 3.40×109 and 6.67×109cfu per mL,respectively.They were twice as high as the MRS medium could produce.
Based on the nutritional requirements of lactic acid bacteria,the uniform design was used to optimize the formulation of culture medium suitable for the growth of the lactobacillus plantarum for the malolactic fermentation.Orthogonal optimization was further applied for the selection of the LH16(non-Mn2+) and LH18(with Mn2+) medium.By incubating the lactobacillus plantarum in the LH16 and LH18 medium at 25℃ for 24h,the cell densities were 3.40×109 and 6.67×109cfu per mL,respectively.They were twice as high as the MRS medium could produce.
2009, 24(6): 575-579.
Abstract:
Rheological properties of low-sugar litchi jams were measured and the jam formulation was optimized.The results showed that the low-sugar litchi jam had the typical characteristics of a pseudoplastic fluid at 25 ℃;and that at 20 to 70 ℃,the relationship between jam viscosity(η) and temperature(T) could be described using the equation: η=Kexp(Ea / RT).The optimized formulation for a low-sugar litchi jam was: litchi fruit 100g,xanthan gum 0.2%,sugar 10%,and citric acid 0.3%.
Rheological properties of low-sugar litchi jams were measured and the jam formulation was optimized.The results showed that the low-sugar litchi jam had the typical characteristics of a pseudoplastic fluid at 25 ℃;and that at 20 to 70 ℃,the relationship between jam viscosity(η) and temperature(T) could be described using the equation: η=Kexp(Ea / RT).The optimized formulation for a low-sugar litchi jam was: litchi fruit 100g,xanthan gum 0.2%,sugar 10%,and citric acid 0.3%.
2009, 24(6): 580-585.
Abstract:
A hyocaust plot experiment was employed to study the effects of three different nitrification inhibitors and their combinations on yield and quality of Brassica chinensis.A similar fluctuant pattern on vegetable nitrate contents during the growing period of B.chinensis was observed when different nitrification inhibitors were added to urea.The nitrate in vegetable decreased,by 8.34%-65.60% on average.After harvest,it decreased by 13.21%-70.86%.As compared to the control,the yield and contents of nitrate,chlorophyll,carotenoid and vitamin C of B.chinensis increased by 3.45%-59.42%,13.21%-70.86%,0.15%-27.41%,2.30%-29.15%,and 26.00%-131.97%,respectively.At the same time,the nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium in the plant increased in varying degrees.The Nitrification InhibitorⅠwas found to be the best among three inhibitors tested,when they were added individually to urea.The combinations of the Nitrification Inhibitor I and other inhibitors were also better than those of the others.The best combination was found to be Nitrification InhibitorsⅠ+Ⅱ+Ⅲ.Significant portion(i.e.,89.93%) of the Nitrification Inhibitor I was degraded,67 days after the fertilization.
A hyocaust plot experiment was employed to study the effects of three different nitrification inhibitors and their combinations on yield and quality of Brassica chinensis.A similar fluctuant pattern on vegetable nitrate contents during the growing period of B.chinensis was observed when different nitrification inhibitors were added to urea.The nitrate in vegetable decreased,by 8.34%-65.60% on average.After harvest,it decreased by 13.21%-70.86%.As compared to the control,the yield and contents of nitrate,chlorophyll,carotenoid and vitamin C of B.chinensis increased by 3.45%-59.42%,13.21%-70.86%,0.15%-27.41%,2.30%-29.15%,and 26.00%-131.97%,respectively.At the same time,the nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium in the plant increased in varying degrees.The Nitrification InhibitorⅠwas found to be the best among three inhibitors tested,when they were added individually to urea.The combinations of the Nitrification Inhibitor I and other inhibitors were also better than those of the others.The best combination was found to be Nitrification InhibitorsⅠ+Ⅱ+Ⅲ.Significant portion(i.e.,89.93%) of the Nitrification Inhibitor I was degraded,67 days after the fertilization.
2009, 24(6): 586-591.
Abstract:
This paper analyzes the status of agricultural greenhouse gas emissions in Taiwan,anatomizing the strategy between energy-saving and carbon reduction of Taiwan agriculture,and put forward the countermeasures of Taiwan low-carbon modern agricultural including agricultural security,leisure agriculture,etc.Using experience of Taiwan for reference,we provide some thoughts about developing the Mainland low-carbon agricultural,and to strengthen cross-strait low-carbon agricultural exchanges and cooperation.
This paper analyzes the status of agricultural greenhouse gas emissions in Taiwan,anatomizing the strategy between energy-saving and carbon reduction of Taiwan agriculture,and put forward the countermeasures of Taiwan low-carbon modern agricultural including agricultural security,leisure agriculture,etc.Using experience of Taiwan for reference,we provide some thoughts about developing the Mainland low-carbon agricultural,and to strengthen cross-strait low-carbon agricultural exchanges and cooperation.
2009, 24(6): 592-595.
Abstract:
Definitions of agricultural circular economy,cyclic agriculture,ecological agriculture and sustainable agriculture were elaborated.Based on the circular economy theory,the relationship between regional agriculture,high-yield superior agriculture,biomass energy resource exploitation,etc.and agricultural circular economy were discussed.In addition to conservation agriculture,comprehensive waste utilization and ecological agriculture,regional and high-yield,superior agriculture as well as exploitation of biomass energy resource should also be included as the important models for the development of the agricultural circular economy.
Definitions of agricultural circular economy,cyclic agriculture,ecological agriculture and sustainable agriculture were elaborated.Based on the circular economy theory,the relationship between regional agriculture,high-yield superior agriculture,biomass energy resource exploitation,etc.and agricultural circular economy were discussed.In addition to conservation agriculture,comprehensive waste utilization and ecological agriculture,regional and high-yield,superior agriculture as well as exploitation of biomass energy resource should also be included as the important models for the development of the agricultural circular economy.
Brand development for modern agribusiness in China——A case study on Chaoda Modern Agricultural Group
2009, 24(6): 596-601.
Abstract:
This paper discusses the process,core contents and strategies for brand development employed by Chaoda Modern Agriculture Group.Based on the case study,recommendations on brand development for modern agribusiness in China are presented.
This paper discusses the process,core contents and strategies for brand development employed by Chaoda Modern Agriculture Group.Based on the case study,recommendations on brand development for modern agribusiness in China are presented.
2009, 24(6): 605-606.
Abstract:
An Internet video conference system was applied for the remote agricultural science and technology training purposes.A team of specialists(lecturers) was formed to provide services promoting the agricultural development of the new farming communities in Fujian.
An Internet video conference system was applied for the remote agricultural science and technology training purposes.A team of specialists(lecturers) was formed to provide services promoting the agricultural development of the new farming communities in Fujian.
