2022 Vol. 37, No. 5
Display Method:
2022, 37(5): 555-561.
doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2022.005.001
Abstract:
Objectives A new hybrid rice variety of high quality, high yield, and blast resistance that produced grains with a long shelf life was bred to help boost the crop production. Methods A new restorer line derived from Zhenhui 084, Minghui 86, and Duoxi 1 by the conventional multiple crossing, backcrossing, and double crossing was subjected to a multi-point quality evaluation, blast resistance testing, and accelerated storage tests prior to final selection. Results The restorer line with desirable agronomic characteristics, Fuhui 702, was crossed with a new 3-line sterile line Neixiang 10A to obtain the hybrid Nei-10-You-702, which had all major physiochemical indices met the departmental quality standards of Grade III high-quality rice. It was, subsequently, submitted for testing at the regional trial and the production test at Enshi prefecture in Hubei Province from 2016 to 2017. It showed an average yield of 586.60 kg per 667 m2, which was 3.51% higher than that of the reference Ruiyou 399. Nei-10-You-702 resisted rice blast according to a field observation as well as in an indoor challenge test. The seeds germinated at a rate of 97.33% after 21 d and 73.33% after 28 d of an artificial aging. It was approved by Hubei Provincial Crop Varieties Certification Committee in August 2019 (E Shen Dao 2019040). Conclusions The grains produced by the high-quality, high-yield, strongly blast-resistant Nei-10-You-702 could be stored for an extended period of time. It was deemed to become a promising new breed for rice production in the province.
2022, 37(5): 562-571.
doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2022.005.002
Abstract:
Objective To fully explore the potential of existing resources, an early-maturing hybrid rice CMS line with much desirable qualities was bred. Method Luxiang 90B as the female parent and the high-quality early-maturing traditional Jiafuzhan as the male parent were applied for the hybridization. To save time, a part of the self-crossing process was conducted in the warmer southern province of Hainan, instead of Fujian, in winter. A blast resistance test was performed at a tea plantation in Shanghang. Hybrids showing the target traits of early maturation, large grains, high quality, and disease resistance were selected to backcross with II -32A for several generations. The final combined line was then crossed with the traditional restorer line Yuehesimiao to yield a 3-line hybrid indica rice for submission to the comparative trials held in different provinces. Result An early-maturing, high-quality, strong combining ability CMS line, Huangda A, was obtained in 2013 to be crossed with Yuehesimiao resulting in a new 3-line hybrid indica rice named Huangyou Yuehesimiao in spring 2016. During 2016–2017, the newly bred rice was submitted to the trials in Hainan and Jiangxi in addition to Fujian for performance evaluation. Subsequently, in 2018–2020, it participated in the trials for screening, regional competition, and production of early-season rice in Fujian as well as early-maturing, late-season indica rice in the middle and lower reaches of Yangtze River to be critically examined in regard to growth period, yield, blast resistance, grain quality, and adaptability of the rice varieties. In the Hainan, Jiangxi, and Fujian trials, Huangyou Yuehesimiao delivered an average yield of more than 8 100.00 kg·hm−2, which was a 4.33% to 18.76% higher than that of the reference variety. In the screening, regional, and production trials on early-season rice, it showed the average yields of 8 014.5 kg·hm−2, 8 003.70 kg·hm−2, and 7 444.65 kg·hm−2, respectively, representing increases of 4.80%, 10.93%, and 8.26%, respectively, in comparison to that of T78 You 2155. Meanwhile, in the regional and production trials on early-maturing, late-season rice in the middle and lower reaches of Yangtze River, the average yields were 9 761.25 kg hm−2 and 8 838.45 kg·hm−2, respectively, with 4.18% and 3.54% increases, respectively, as compared to Wuyou 308. The new variety was certified by the Fujian Province Crop Variety Approval Committee in 2020 and by the National Crop Variety Approval Committee in 2021. Conclusion Huangyou Yuehesimiao was a high-quality, high- and stable-yield, blast resistant hybrid rice suitable for either early or late season cropping. The grain quality met the national standard for Grade-1 early rice and Grade-3 late rice as set by the Ministry of Agriculture. Consequently. Consequently, it was deemed appropriate for early and late-season double cropping rice cultivation in Fujian or areas such as the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River.
2022, 37(5): 572-577.
doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2022.005.003
Abstract:
Objective To expedite the process of the breeding program on soybean for fresh consumption as well as the rural revitalization in Fujian through vegetable market development, a new high-yield, high-quality variety was obtained. Method The hybridization between Fuxian 5 as female parent and K Feng 72-2 as male parent was carried out and followed by a pedigree selection protocol. Result The hybrid line, 08B2-1, exhibiting desirable genetic traits of the parents was selected for further evaluation. In a spring 2017 trial, it rendered an average fresh pod yield of 8 379.6.40 kg·hm−2, which was 16.35% higher than that of the reference Maodou 3 and was named Mindou 10 for submission to the 2019 and 2020 Fujian Provincial Regional Trial of Fresh Edible Soybean Varieties. At those regional trials, Mindou 10 delivered a fresh pod yield of 11381.85 kg·hm−2, i.e., 5.40% higher than that of Maodou 3. It was officially certified by the Fujian Provincial Committee of Crop Variety Identification in July 2021. Conclusion The newly bred mid-season Mindou 10 soybeans for fresh consumption bore large pods and seeds. When prepared by boiling in plain water, the tender beans tasted delightful and sweet. The cultivar was considered suitable for spring planting in the province.
2022, 37(5): 578-584.
doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2022.005.004
Abstract:
Objective Effects of seed treatment with growth regulators on the growth and yield of potato plants were studied to select the suitable regulators for small potato. Method Using randomized block design, seeds of Hongmei potatoes were treated with 6 formulated growth regulating solutions (D1—D6) or water as control (CK). The solutions contained 5% amino-oligosaccharides (AO), chitosan oligosaccharide (CO), iodine oligosaccharide acids (IOA), and/or 6-BA in varied concentrations. After treatment, the seed germination as well as the plant growth, development, photosynthesis, and yield were determined for an analysis. Result The seeds treated with D2 (10 mL·L−1 AO + 2.5 mg·L−1 6-BA+7.5 mL·L−1 IOA) or D5 (5 mL·L−1 CO + 2.5 mg·L−1 6-BA+7.5 mL·L−1 IOA) germinated 2 d earlier than the others. The flowering stage of the plants began 5 d earlier with D2 and 4 d earlier with D5 than with CK. Treatment D3 (10 mL·L−1 AO + 2.5 mg·L−1 6-BA) or D4 (5 mL·L−1 CO+7.5 mL·L−1 IOA) increased the plant height by 12 cm and 9 cm, respectively, over those of CK. Among all treatments, D2 produced the least number of main stems but the largest stem girth and the greatest growth rate that was 79.16% higher than CK; whereas D3 the smallest stem girth and the largest number of main stems. The plant photosynthetic rate was significantly enhanced by D2 with a 53.86% increase over CK. The CO2 concentration and stomatal conductance of D2- and D5-treated plants were not significantly different but significantly higher than the others. On tuber productivity, D2 significantly increased the proportion of tuber weighed ≤50 g, while D5 significantly raised that of＞50 g. D2 gave the highest number of tubers per plant with a yield of 35 335.94 kg·hm−2, whereas D5 the greatest weight of tubers per plant with a yield of 30572.42 kg·hm−2. Conclusion It appeared that the seeds treated by D2 could increase the stem girth, chlorophyll content, photosynthetic rate, and tuber weight per plant of the potato plants. As a result, the plant yield and small tuber rate were increased making it desirable for mechanized cultivation. On the other hand, the seed treatment of D5 boosted the tuber weight per plant and the number and yield of large-sized tubers.
2022, 37(5): 585-591.
doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2022.005.005
Abstract:
Objective AP3-3 of class B gene of MADS box family that involves in the formation of perianth and labellum of Dendrobium officinale was cloned to study the biological function, and the promoter analyzed to decipher the regulation mechanism. Method Sequences of AP3-3 and promoter of D. officinale were cloned by RT-PCR and conventional PCR, and bioinformatics analyzed. A fusion expression vector of promoter-deleted fragments and GUS gene was constructed. Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation was used to transform protocorm of D. officinale for the transient expression. Result The cDNA length of DoAP3-3 was 675 bp with an encoded formula of C1129H1803N333O347S12, a molecular weight of 25.98 kDa, a PI of 8.71, an instability index of 40.14, and GRAVY of −0.823. There was no transmembrane region detected in the protein. The predicted score of subcellular localization was 87.0% in nucleus, 8.7% in mitochondria, and 4.3% in cytoplasm. The 1885 bp promoter fragment had a cis acting element containing a significant number of photo-responsive elements among others. The 3 promoter fragments could drive GUS with an order of expression intensity of −885–0 bp＞−1 604–0 bp＞−750–0 bp. Conclusion The predicted DoAP3-3 was an alkali, hydrophilic, and unstable protein with no transmembrane domain and a subcellular localization in the nucleus. The DoAP3-3 promoter might be regulated by light, plant hormones, MYB transcription protein, etc., and exhibited activities that increased with decreasing deletion length.
2022, 37(5): 592-599.
doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2022.005.006
Abstract:
Objective Functions, identification, and copy number of As6G-FFT in the transgenic tobacco plants were studied. Method PCR, qRT-PCR, and physiological analysis were performed to confirm the transgenic tobacco plants being As6G-FFT-positive and elucidate the functions of the gene. SYBR green-based qRT-PCR was applied to determine the copy number of the gene in the transgenic plant. Result (1) The target fragment was amplified on the leaves of 14 tobacco plants by PCR assuring a successful transfer of As6G-FFT. (2) In varying degrees, the gene expressions in the 14 transgenic lines were higher than in the wild-type. Six of the lines were extremely significantly higher than the wild-type counterpart, with an accumulation topped 215.13-fold. (3) The fructan contents were higher in the leaves of the transgenic than the wild-type plants. Thirteen of the transgenic lines contained extremely significantly more fructan than the wild-type with the highest accumulation of 10.47-fold. (4) With correlation coefficients of 1, the SYBR green-based qRT-PCR standard curves of y=−0.2907x+3.0145 was obtained for As6G-FFT and y=−0.2813x+8.0141 for NtACT. Of the 14 transgenic lines, 35.7% contained only one of the gene, 50.0% had 2, and 14.3% 3 copies. Conclusion Transgenic tobacco plants with As6G-FFT were identified based on the DNA, RNA, and physiological aspects. The SYBR green-based qRT-PCR method rapidly and efficiently determined the number of exogenous As6G-FFT transferred into the plants and could be a convenient tool for screening and acquisition of stable genetic materials.
2022, 37(5): 600-608.
doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2022.005.007
Abstract:
Objective Bioinformatics and expressions of the nitrate reductase gene of kenaf(Hibiscus cannabinus) were studied for breeding varieties highly efficient in nitrogen utilization. Method From the leaf of kenaf 349, the coding sequences (CDS) of HcNiR was amplified by PCR. Bioinformatics method was applied to analyze the amino acid sequences, protein transmembrane structure, protein signal peptide, high-level structures, and homologous evolutionary tree associated with the gene, while the expression in various tissues detected by qRT-PCR. Result The full length of HcNiR cDNA was 1395 bp encoded 464 amino acids. The amino acid sequence contained two conserved nitrite and sulfite reductase 4Fe-4S domains and two conserved nitrite/sulfite reductase ferredoxin-like half domains. The predicted stable, hydrophilic HcNiR protein with an isoelectric point of 5.49 and molecular weight of 51.68 kDa had no transmembrane domain or signal peptide. It contained 26 potential phosphorylation sites in a secondary structure that consisted of more than 70% in the forms of alpha helix and irregular coils. The amino acid sequence of HcNiR was 97.37% homologous with that of H. syriacus, and both included nitrite and sulfite reductases iron-sulfur/siroheme-binding sites. The phylogenetic tree on HcNiR showed it closely related to HsNiR. The HcNiR expression was higher in the leaves than in the roots of a kenaf plant. Conclusion HcNiR contained two conserved nitrite and sulfite reductase 4Fe-4S domains and two conserved nitrite/sulfite reductase ferredoxin-like half domains. The gene was abundantly expressed in the kenaf leaves and speculated to be mainly involved in the process of primary nitrogen assimilation.
2022, 37(5): 609-616.
doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2022.005.008
Abstract:
Objective Growth and chemical composition of fruiting bodies of Ganoderma lucidum cultivated with varied substrates were studied. Method Sawdust,Miscantuus floridulus, Dicranopteris dichotomy, and/or Gaint Juncao grass were used as the main ingredients in formulating substrates for cultivating G. lucidum in bags. The hyphae filling time, biotransformation rate, and contents of nutrients and heavy metals in fruiting bodies were compared between the experimental and the conventional sawdust cultivations. Nutrients and heavy metals in fruiting body were determined using the national standard methods. Result No significant difference in the time taken for hyphae to fill the bag or primordium formation due to substrate formulation differentiation was observed. The fruiting body yield of 27.03 g and biotransformation rate of 13.52% under Formula C that consisted of 48% M. floridulus, 30% of D. dichotomy, 20% of wheat bran, and 2% of gypsum were slightly, but not significantly, higher than those of control. Under Formula B (78% M. floridulus, 20% wheat bran, and 2% gypsum) or Formula D (30% D. dichotomy, 48% giant Juncao, 20% wheat bran, and 2% gypsum), the fruiting bodies harvested had significantly higher crude protein than control (P＜0.05), but not under Formula C. The content of 12.01 mg·g−1 on polysaccharides and 1.01 mg·g−1 on triterpene in the fruiting bodies grown on Formula C (48% M. floridulus, 30% D. dichotomy, 20% wheat bran, and 2% gypsum) were significantly higher than those of control at 10.20 mg·g−1 and 0.80 mg·g−1, respectively. The differently formulated substrates resulted in basically same amounts of amino acids in the mushrooms but below the safety limits of heavy metals according to the National Food Safety Standards and Green Food Standards. Conclusion Juncao appeared to provide significant advantages as a substrate for G. lucidum cultivation over sawdust.
2022, 37(5): 617-625.
doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2022.005.009
Abstract:
Objective Resistance to low temperature and reduced light exposure of pepper plants were studied for breeding purpose. Method Seedlings of 6 pepper cultivars of different varieties were exposed to controlled day/night conditions of 25℃/15℃ and 300 μmol·m−2·s−1 as control or 15℃/5℃ and 100 μmol·m−2·s−1 for treatment. Growth and photosynthetic characteristics of the seedlings cultivated under the conditions were monitored. Result Comparing to the seedlings grown under the normal 25℃/15℃ and 300 μmol·m−2·s−1 conditions, those exposed to the reduced temperature and light showed reductions in plant height, stem diameter, leaf area, and plant dry weight. Of the various cultivars, Yangjiao No. 5 was least affected by the treatment. The cold injury indices of the cultivars ranked as Yangjiao No. 5＜Kejizhiguang No. 9＜Sujiao No. 5＜Juwuba No. 5＜Haihua No. 3＜Qiemen sweet pepper . The leaf Pn, Gs, Tr, Fv/Fm, ΦPSII, ETR, and qP decreased by the treatment and were least affected on Yangjiao NO. 5 among all cultivars. The reduced temperature and light exposure also induced reductions on the chlorophyll content in the plants. Of which, Yangjiao No. 5 exhibited a higher resistance. There was a negative correlation between the Pn, Gs, Tr, Fv/Fm, ΦPSII, ETR, and qP and the cold injury index, but a positive one between them and the dry weight of the pepper seedlings when exposed to low temperature and reduced light. Conclusion Exposure to low temperature and reduced light hindered the growth and photosynthesis of the pepper seedlings of different varieties with variances. Among the 6 cultivars, Yangjiao No. 5 appeared to withstand the adverse conditions better than the others and sustain a near normal growth.
2022, 37(5): 626-631.
doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2022.005.010
Abstract:
Objectives Effects of molybdenum (Mo) on the growth and nitrogen uptake/utilization of Malus sieversii seedlings were studied for the cultivation and crop production improvements. Methods M. sieversii seedlings were grown under 5 levels of Mo supply equivalent to 0.00 (CK), 0.25 (M1), 0.50 (M2), 1.50 (M3), and 3.00 μmol·L−1 (M4) H2MoO4·H2O. The 15N utilization and Ndff (i.e., rate of 15N absorbed by a plant organ from 15N in fertilizer to total nitrogen in the organ) were determined using the 15N labeled tracer method. The growth, root morphology, and nitrate reductase (NR) activity in leaves of the seedlings were monitored. Results The Mo applications significantly altered the biomass and 15N utilization rate of seedlings in an increasing pattern with increasing Mo to peak at M2 (the 15N utilization rate was 123% of that of CK), then followed by a decline. From 0 to 0.5 μmol Mo·L−1, the length, surface area, number of tips and activities of the seedling roots, the NR in the leaves, and the Ndff of all organs significantly increased. But further increasing Mo from 1.5 to 3.0 μmol·L−1 caused significant decreases on all indicators to become not significantly different from those under the M1 treatment. Conclusions By treating potato rootstocks with Mo at 0.5 μmol·L−1, the seedling growth, root formation, and plant nitrogen absorption were enhanced. The seedling 15N utilization rate was maximized by the treatment that effectively promoted nitrogen reduction due to the increased nitrate reductase activity.
2022, 37(5): 632-640.
doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2022.005.011
Abstract:
Objective In order to provide theoretical basis for the development, utilization and protection of Spathiphyllum germplasm resources, the genetic diversity and relationship of germplasm resources were discussed. Method ISSR markers were used to analyze the genetic relationship and genetic diversity of 21 Spathiphyllum germplasm resources from 14 cultivars and 7 hybrid strains. Result Nine clearly amplified and highly polymorphic ISSR primers were used for PCR amplification of 21 germplasm. A total of 133 loci were amplified, including 120 polymorphic loci, and the polymorphism ratio (PPB) was 90.23%. According to NTsys cluster analysis, the 14 cultivars could be divided into three groups at the similarity coefficient of 0.6692. The 7 hybrid strains could be divided into two groups at the similarity coefficient of 0.6700. Using TBtools correlation and principal component analysis, 14 cultivars were divided into two groups on the first principal coordinate, which proved the accuracy of cluster analysis results. Conclusion ISSR molecular markers could effectively reveal the genetic diversity and the genetic relationship between cultivars; the genetic diversity of the spathiphyllum is abundant. ISSR clustering results were in good agreement with the germplasm origin and the character of spathes; principal component analysis confirmed the clustering results and showed the genetic relationship between varieties more directly.
2022, 37(5): 641-647.
doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2022.005.012
Abstract:
Objective Correlation between the nutrients and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in soil and the quality of tea produced at a plantation shaded from direct sun exposure in summer was analyzed. Method The nutrients, fungal diversity, and tea quality at a hilly tea plantation in Zhejiang Province were determined for a correlation study on the effect of summer-shading over the tea bushes. Result The shading significantly increased the pH, organic matters, total nitrogen, alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen, total phosphorus, and available phosphorus in the plantation soil by 15.38%, 17.8%, 163.6%, 77.86%, 45.45%, and 27.80%, respectively. On the other hand, it reduced the fungal diversity index and richness. The DGGE band-sequencing analysis showed that the dominant fungi in the non-shaded control soil was Glomus, which was lower in abundance under the shading. The shading increased the contents of total chlorophyll, amino acids, and caffeine in tea leaves by 46.18%, 33.16%, and 32.30 %, respectively, but that of polyphenols declined by 10.41% over control. The tea quality was judged to be superior with the shading treatment. Conclusion Shading in summer increased soil nutrient contents and improved tea quality, but reduced the diversity and richness of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in the plantation soil.
2022, 37(5): 648-653.
doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2022.005.013
Abstract:
Objective Differences between uni- and bi-nucleate mycelia of Pleurotus ostreatus were studied to aid the mushroom breeding and cultivation. Method Monokaryons MK13 and MK3 were isolated from basidiospores of P. ostreatus TD300 and mated to obtain the dikaryotic DK300. Conventional plate and fruiting tests were applied to compare the mycelial growth and fruiting body yield of the 4 strains. Genetic differences of the strains were determined by random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers. Result There were no significant differences in mycelial growth and fruiting body yield between DK300 and TD300. However, a significant genetic difference existed between the offspring (i.e., MK13, MK3, and DK300) and parent TD300. The differences among MK13, MK3, and DK300 were minute, especially between MK3 and DK300. Conclusion Gene recombination might occur during the basidiospore formation by meiosis, but less likely in the mating of two monokaryotic strains to generate a dikaryotic offspring.
2022, 37(5): 654-667.
doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2022.005.014
Abstract:
Objective Expression and location of cyp19a1a important in the gonadal development and sex determination of bony fishes were studied to pave the way for breeding all-male Silurus lanzhouensis. Method The gene in the sexual organs of S. lanzhouensis were cloned, and expression of hermaphroditic parents of YY super-male individuals verified. The full-length cDNA sequence of cyp19a1a was obtained by homologous cloning and rapid amplification of cDNA ends (RACE). Expressions of the gene in 3-month-old, 1-year-old, and 3-year-old normal female and male as well as 3-year-old hermaphroditic fish were determined by real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR (qRT-PCR). Expression and localization of the gene in tissues of 3-month-old, 1-year-old, and 3-year-old normal female fish were determined using immunohistochemistry (IHC). Result The full length of cyp19a1a cDNA was 2168 bp, which included 5' untranslated region (UTR) of 53 bp, open reading frame (OFR) of 1707 bp, and 3' UTR of 408 bp, encoding 568 amino acid residues with a conserved functional region of aromatase. Cyp19a1a mRNA was mainly expressed in the gonads. The expressions in 3-year-old hermaphroditic and normal individuals were not significantly different (P＞0.05), but significantly higher in ovary than in testis, and significantly intensified along with the development of gonad in the bred normal fish. The IHC showed the oogonia distributed only in the ovaries of 3-month and 1-year-old fish at different stages with no positive signals. Whereas the oocytes were found during all development periods with a gradually increasing signal. They existed mainly in the cytoplasm from 3-month to 1-year-old, but in the 3-year-old fish in the follicular membrane, radiation membrane, and sheath cells, in addition to cytoplasm. On the other hand, cyp19a1a was only weakly expressed in the interstitial cells of the testis at different developmental stages of a fish. Conclusion There was a significant role cyp19a1a played in the ovarian development, oocyte growth, and oogenesis. It involved in the testicular development and maintenance and spermatogenesis of normal or hermaphroditic S. lanzhouensis identically.
2022, 37(5): 668-674.
doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2022.005.015
Abstract:
Objective To obtain the rice target of Magnaporthe oryzae avirulence effector Avr-PikD, the interaction between Avr-PikD and OsDjA9, one of the candidate interacting proteins screened out from a rice cDNA library, was identified. Method The interaction between Avr-PikD and OsDjA9 was verified by assays of yeast two-hybrid, pull-down, Co-IP, and luciferase complementation imaging along with co-localization analysis in the rice protoplasts. Specific domain in OsDjA9 involved in the interaction was determined by yeast two-hybrid assay. Result Avr-PikD interacts with OsDjA9 in vitro as well as in vivo. The DnaJ domain of OsDjA9 is essential for the interaction. Conclusion During the process of M. oryzae infecting rice, OsDjA9 is the target of the avirulence effector Avr-PikD secreted by the pathogen.
2022, 37(5): 675-682.
doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2022.005.016
Abstract:
Objective Effects of planting different species of Arundo on the nutrients, enzyme activities, and microbial community of the soil were investigated. Method Nutrients and enzyme activities in the soil were analyzed before and after on which different varieties of arundo grass were planted. Pearson analysis was applied to corelate the factors. Diversity of microbial community in soil was determined by illumina miseq high-throughput sequencing. Results Six different Arundo species were planted in a pot experiment. In the soils that lvzhou 1 and lvzhou 9 were planted, the contents of available phosphorus (8.20 and 8.72 mg·kg−1, respectively), available nitrogen (22.63 and 8.20 mg·kg−1, respectively), organic carbon (13.83 and 10.48 g·kg−1, respectively), and total nitrogen (0.84 and 0.71 g·kg−1, respectively) were significantly higher than those in control (2.54 mg·kg−1, 14.47 mg·kg−1, 5.72 g·kg−1, and 0.38 g·kg−1, respectively) (P＜0.05). The urease activity was significantly higher than that of control (P＜0.05). The activities of urease significantly correlated with the available phosphorus, available nitrogen, organic carbon, and total nitrogen in the soil (P＜0.01) but not on the invertase (P＞0.05). The microbial diversity indices of the soil were higher after the grass planting than before, while the Ace, Chao, and Shannon indices of the soil planted with lvzhou 1 or lvzhou 3 significantly higher than those of control (P＜0.05). The bacterial Ace and Chao indices all positively correlated with the invertase and ACP activities (P＜0.01), the Shannon index on fungi showed with the ACP activity (P＜0.05). Conclusion Planting arundo grasses, especially lvzhou 1 or lvzhou 3, on an infertile land could conceivably improve the soil quality due to the enrichments brought about through increased enzyme activity and microbial diversity.
