In-lab Evaluation on Toxicity of Eleven Insecticides on Pardosa pseudoannulata
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Graphical Abstract
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Abstract
An in-lab test was conducted on 11 insecticides to determine their toxicities on the spider, Pardosa pseudoannulata, using a dipping method. According to the quotients(RQ=LC50/low concentration of insecticide) of the insecticides, imidaclprid, nitenpyram, dinotefuran, sulfoxaflor, pymetrozine, buprofezin and chlorantraniliprole had RQs greater than 5.00 and were considered of low risks to P. pseudoannulata; abamectin had a RQ=1.55, of moderate risk; isoprocarb had a RQ=0.25 and fenobucarb 0.17, of high risks; and, chlopyrifos had a RQ=0.001, of extreme risk.
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