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粉皮冬瓜表皮蜡粉微形态及蜡粉组分研究

张荟 叶新如 朱海生 温庆放

张荟,叶新如,朱海生,等. 粉皮冬瓜表皮蜡粉微形态及蜡粉组分研究 [J]. 福建农业学报,2023,38(11):1277−1284 doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2023.11.003
引用本文: 张荟,叶新如,朱海生,等. 粉皮冬瓜表皮蜡粉微形态及蜡粉组分研究 [J]. 福建农业学报,2023,38(11):1277−1284 doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2023.11.003
ZHANG H, YE X R, ZHU H S, et al. Micro-morphology and Compositions of Epidermal Wax on Waxy Gourd [J]. Fujian Journal of Agricultural Sciences,2023,38(11):1277−1284 doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2023.11.003
Citation: ZHANG H, YE X R, ZHU H S, et al. Micro-morphology and Compositions of Epidermal Wax on Waxy Gourd [J]. Fujian Journal of Agricultural Sciences,2023,38(11):1277−1284 doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2023.11.003

粉皮冬瓜表皮蜡粉微形态及蜡粉组分研究

doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2023.11.003
基金项目: 福建省农业科学院自由探索科技创新项目(ZYTS202206);福建省农业科学院科技创新团队建设项目(CXTD2021003-1);国家大宗蔬菜产业体系福州综合试验站(CARS-23-G51);福建省种业创新与产业化工程项目(zycxny2021009);福建省农业高质量发展超越“5511”协同创新工程项目(XTCXGC2021003)
详细信息
    作者简介:

    张荟 (1986 —),女,博士,助理研究员,主要从事蔬菜栽培与遗传育种研究,E-mail:zhanghui-zws@faas.cn

    通讯作者:

    温庆放(1965—),男,研究员,主要从事蔬菜栽培与遗传育种研究,E-mail:fjvrc@163.com

  • 中图分类号: S642

Micro-morphology and Compositions of Epidermal Wax on Waxy Gourd

  • 摘要:   目的  探明不同粉皮冬瓜品种表皮蜡粉成分特性,为进一步解析冬瓜表皮蜡粉的分子调控奠定基础。  方法  选择形状不同的2个粉皮冬瓜品种(夏茂粉皮小冬瓜和夏茂粉皮大冬瓜)为试验材料,采用扫描电子显微镜观察表皮蜡粉结构,通过非靶向气相色谱-质谱(GC-MS)检测技术对表皮蜡粉的成分进行分析。  结果  夏茂粉皮小冬瓜和夏茂粉皮大冬瓜表皮均有大量堆叠的杆状蜡粉结构,但夏茂粉皮小冬瓜杆状的前端上还粘附丝状蜡粉。2个品种三萜类物质含量均占比最高(42.09%和35.63%),但酯类和烷烃物质含量占比存在明显差异,夏茂粉皮小冬瓜分别为31.16%和3.53%,夏茂粉皮大冬瓜分别为22.17%和17.34%。在检测出的9类65种成分中,11种化合物在2个品种间呈极显著差异,8种化合物呈显著差异。  结论  冬瓜表皮蜡粉形态结构和成分在不同品种间存在较大差异,不同的蜡粉成分对其结构的形成有重要影响。通过对不同冬瓜品种表皮蜡粉成分的鉴定,为今后明确蜡粉性状在冬瓜中的遗传规律,阐明其遗传分子机制,具有重要的科研和生产实践价值。
  • 图  1  2种粉皮冬瓜表皮照片和表皮表面结构扫描电镜图

    Figure  1.  Photos and SEM images of pericarps of waxy gourds

    图  2  2种粉皮冬瓜表皮蜡粉组分主成分分析

    XFX:夏茂粉皮小冬瓜; XFD:夏茂粉皮大冬瓜; PC1:第一主成分; PC2:第二主成分。

    Figure  2.  Principal components of epidermal wax on different varieties of gourds

    XFX: xiamaofenpixiaodonggua; XFD: xiamaofenpidadonggua; PC1: 1st principal component; PC2: 2nd principal component.

    图  3  2种粉皮冬瓜表皮蜡粉组分百分比

    Figure  3.  Percentage of identified groups of compounds in epidermal wax

    图  4  代谢物差异箱式图

    Figure  4.  Significant features boxplot on metabolites

    ***P < 0.001, **P < 0.01, *P < 0.05

    表  1  2种粉皮冬瓜表皮蜡粉成分和含量显著性

    Table  1.   Significance in content of chemical compounds in epidermal wax

    组分
    Groups
    序号
    Serial number
    代谢物名称
    Metabolites name
    平均保留时间
    Average retention
    time/min
    分子式
    Molecular
    formula
    分子量
    Molecular
    weight
    P
    P-Value
    醇类 Alcohols
    12-己基-1-癸醇 2-Hexyl-1-decanol 7.06C16H34O242.440.3694
    22-己基-1-十二烷醇 2-Hexyl-1-dodecanol10.72C18H38O270.490.9238
    31-三十七烷醇 1-Heptatriacotanol13.03C37H76O537.000.0848
    41-庚烯-4-醇 1-Hepten-4-Ol19.67C7H14O114.190.7827
    52-甲基-1-十六烷醇 2-Methylhexadecan-1-ol10.37C17H36O256.470.3787
    62-丁基-1-辛醇 2-Butyl-1-octanol6.90C12H26O186.34P < 0.05
    71,30-三十烷二醇 1,30-Triacontanediol24.24C30H62O2454.810.1538
    8全反-2,6,10,15,19,23-六甲基-1,6,10,14,18,22-二十四六烯-3-醇
    1,6,10,14,18,22-Tetracosahexaen-3-Ol, 2,6,10,15,19,23-Hexamethyl-,
    (All-E)-(.+/-.)-
    22.39C30H50O426.720.0590
    911-甲基十二醇 11-Methyldodecanol6.98C13H28O200.360.2095
    102,4-二甲基-3-戊醇 2,4-Dimethyl-3-Pentanol16.16C7H16O116.200.1324
    11日耳曼醇Germanicol25.50C30H50O426.720.0699
    12十六烷基硫醇 Tert-Hexadecanethiol8.88C16H34S258.500.2806
    醛类 Aldehydes
    13二十六烷醛 Hexacosanal18.52C26H52O380.70P < 0.05
    14壬醛 Nonanal5.06C9H18O142.24P < 0.05
    15二十八烷醛 Octacosanal21.47C28H56O408.74P < 0.05
    16二十四烷醛 Tetracosanal16.28C24H48O352.64P < 0.05
    酮类 Ketones
    171-(2,6,6-三甲基-1-环己烯-1-基)-1-戊烯-3-酮
    1-(2,6,6-Trimethyl-1-Cyclohexen-1-Yl)-1-Penten-3-One
    7.68C14H22O206.320.0842
    186-甲基-5-(1-甲基亚乙基)-6,8-壬二烯-2-酮
    6-Methyl-5-(1-Methylethylidene)-6,8-Nonadien-2-One
    10.39C13H20O192.30P < 0.05
    19植酮 Phytone11.21C18H36O268.49P < 0.05
    烷烃 Alkanes
    20十五烷 Pentadecane8.58C15H32212.410.6509
    21十六烷 Hexadecane9.40C16H34226.440.3074
    22十八烷 Octadecane12.16C26H54366.71P < 0.05
    23十九烷 Nonadecane8.30C19H40268.520.3559
    24二十一烷 Heneicosane12.77C21H44296.57P < 0.05
    25二十三烷 Tricosane13.92C23H48324.63P < 0.05
    26二十五烷 Pentacosane15.10C25H52352.68P < 0.05
    27二十七烷 Heptacosane16.70C27H56380.73P < 0.05
    28二十九烷 Nonacosane19.12C29H60408.79P < 0.05
    29三十烷 Triacontane14.47C30H62422.81P < 0.05
    30三十一烷 Hentriacontane22.04C31H64436.84P < 0.05
    31三十六烷 Hexatriacontane24.75C36H74506.97P < 0.05
    32四十四烷 Tetratetracontane20.58C44H90619.19P < 0.05
    烯烃 Alkenes
    33α-法呢烯 Alpha.-Farnesene8.74C15H24204.350.1223
    345,5-二甲基-1-乙基-1,3-环戊二烯 1,3-Cyclopentadiene, 5,5-Dimethyl-1-Ethyl-5.96C9H14122.210.0649
    351,5,6,7-四甲基双环[3.2.0]七-2,6-二烯
    1,5,6,7-Tetramethylbicyclo [3.2.0]Hepta-2,6-Diene
    7.93C11H16148.24P < 0.05
    3617-三十五烯 17-Pentatriacontene21.89C35H70490.94P < 0.05
    3724-去甲乌苏-3,12-二烯 24-Norursa-3,12-Diene27.10C29H46394.68P < 0.05
    38齐墩果-11,13(18)-二烯 Oleana-11,13(18)-Diene22.17C30H48408.70P < 0.05
    酯类 Esters
    39山嵛醇乙酸酯 1-Docosanol, Acetate16.01C24H48O2368.64P < 0.05
    401-萘乙酸,戊基酯 1-Naphthaleneacetic Acid, Pentyl Ester27.69C17H20O2256.34P < 0.05
    411,2-苯二羧酸 1-丁基 2-(8-甲基壬基)酯
    1,2-Benzenedicarboxylic Acid, Butyl 8-Methylnonyl Ester
    12.13C22H34O4362.500.7409
    421,3,5(10)-雌甾三烯-3,17β-二醇,17-乙酸酯
    1,3,5(10)-Estratrien-3,17.Beta.-Diol, 17-Acetate Ester
    13.38C20H26O3314.42P < 0.05
    43对苯二甲酸二辛酯 1,4-Benzenedicarboxylic Acid, Bis(2-Ethylhexyl) Ester17.48C24H38O4390.560.4835
    4410-乙酰氧基-2-羟基-1,2,6a,6b,9,9,12a-七甲基-1,3,4,5,6,6a,6b,7,8,8a,9,10,
    11,12,12a,12b,13,14b-十八氢-2h-苉-4a-羧酸,甲基酯
    10-Acetoxy-2-Hydroxy-1,2,6a,6b,9,9,12a-Heptamethyl-1,3,4,5,6,6a,6b,7,8,8a,9,10,11,
    12,12a,12b,13,14b-Octadecahydro-2h-Picene-4a-Carboxylic Acid, Methyl Ester
    22.48C33H52O5528.760.0599
    45花生酸花生基酯 Eicosanoic Acid, Eicosyl Ester35.73C40H80O2593.06P < 0.05
    46(3β,13β,14β)-13,27-环乌苏n-3-醇,乙酸酯
    (3.Beta.,13.Beta.,14.Beta.)-13,27-Cycloursan-3-Ol, Acetate
    27.94C32H52O2468.77P < 0.05
    474,8,12,16-四甲基十七烷-4-内酯
    4,8,12,16-Tetramethylheptadecan-4-Olide
    14.38C21H40O2324.54P < 0.05
    48蜡酸甲酯C26 Hexacosanoic Acid, Methyl Ester19.80C27H54O2410.72P < 0.05
    49α,β-二棕榈酸甘油酯
    Hexadecanoic Acid, 1-(Hydroxymethyl)-1,2-Ethanediyl Ester
    10.03C16H15N3O2281.31P < 0.05
    50乙酸橙花叔醇酯 Nerolidyl Acetate27.33C17H28O2264.40P < 0.05
    51丙烯酸四氢糠基酯 Tetrahydrofurfuryl Acrylate19.68C8H12O3156.18P < 0.05
    脂肪酸 Fatty acids
    52异丁酸 Isobutyric acid21.12C4H8O288.110.7293
    53二甘醇酐 1,4-Dioxane-2,6-Dione28.59C4H4O4116.070.3623
    三萜类 Triterpenes
    54白桦脂醛 Betulinaldehyde28.61C30H48O2440.70P < 0.05
    55角鲨烯 Squalene18.27C30H50410.720.2711
    56无羁萜 Friedelan-3-One11.98C30H50O426.720.0683
    57α-乙酸香树脂醇 Urs-12-En-3-Ol, Acetate, (3.Beta.)-27.21C32H52O2468.750.1565
    58β-香树脂醇乙酸酯 Olean-12-En-3-Ol, Acetate, (3.Beta.)-27.28C32H52O2468.75P < 0.05
    59羊毛甾醇 (3.Beta.)-Lanosta-8,24-Dien-3-Ol26.69C35H50O426.72P < 0.05
    60乙酸环阿屯酯 9,19-Cyclolanost-24-En-3-Ol, Acetate, (3.Beta.)-28.60C32H52O2468.75P < 0.05
    6124-亚甲基环木菠萝烷醇乙酸酯
    24-Methylene-9,19-cyclolanostan-3-yl acetate
    30.38C33H54O2482.780.1055
    62羽扇烯酮 Lupenone23.52C30H48O424.70P < 0.05
    63羽扇豆醇 3-乙酸酯 Lupeol 3-acetate27.95C32H52O2468.75P < 0.05
    酚类 Phenols
    642,4,6-三甲氧基苯乙酮 2,4,6-Trimethoxyacetophenone9.07C11H14O4210.23P < 0.05
    654,4′-亚丁基双(6-叔丁基-3-甲基苯酚)
    4,4′-Butylidenebis(6-tert-butyl-3-methylphenol)
    20.69C26H38O2382.580.6872
    下载: 导出CSV
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  • 收稿日期:  2023-08-25
  • 录用日期:  2023-12-04
  • 修回日期:  2023-12-03
  • 网络出版日期:  2023-12-21
  • 刊出日期:  2023-11-28

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