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加工型辣椒氮、磷、钾优化施肥模式研究

吴立东 刘亚婷 林淑婷 廖承树 钟金仙

吴立东,刘亚婷,林淑婷,等. 加工型辣椒氮、磷、钾优化施肥模式研究 [J]. 福建农业学报,2024,39(4):456−465 doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2024.04.010
引用本文: 吴立东,刘亚婷,林淑婷,等. 加工型辣椒氮、磷、钾优化施肥模式研究 [J]. 福建农业学报,2024,39(4):456−465 doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2024.04.010
WU L D, LIU Y T, LIN S T, et al. NPK Fertilization Optimized for Cultivating Chili Peppers for Processing [J]. Fujian Journal of Agricultural Sciences,2024,39(4):456−465 doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2024.04.010
Citation: WU L D, LIU Y T, LIN S T, et al. NPK Fertilization Optimized for Cultivating Chili Peppers for Processing [J]. Fujian Journal of Agricultural Sciences,2024,39(4):456−465 doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2024.04.010

加工型辣椒氮、磷、钾优化施肥模式研究

doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2024.04.010
基金项目: 中央引导地方科技发展专项(2021L3043);福建省农业引导性项目(2023N0046);福建省三明市科技计划项目(2022-N-9)
详细信息
    作者简介:

    吴立东(1981 —),男,硕士,副研究员,主要从事蔬菜种质资源研究与遗传育种,E-mail:smnkswld@163.com

  • 中图分类号: S641.3

NPK Fertilization Optimized for Cultivating Chili Peppers for Processing

  • 摘要:   目的  研究氮、磷、钾不同施肥量配比对加工型辣椒产量和品质的影响,明确加工型辣椒高产、优质的氮、磷、钾适宜施用量配比,为加工型辣椒合理施肥提供依据。  方法  采用氮、磷、钾三因素二次饱和D-最优设计,以加工型辣椒品种明椒9号为供试材料,建立氮、磷、钾施肥量编码值与产量、加工品质的效应函数。  结果  氮、磷、钾肥对辣椒产量和加工品质的影响显著,均表现为钾肥>磷肥>氮肥,表明钾是影响辣椒产量和加工品质的重要因素。单因子效应分析表明,当氮、磷、钾肥的最高施用量分别为151.10、59.28、306.78 kg·hm−2时,辣椒产量达到最高;当氮、磷、钾肥的最高施用量分别为148.59、59.34、291.66 kg·hm−2时,辣椒加工品质达到最佳。互作效应中,氮磷、氮钾、磷钾互作对辣椒产量和加工品质影响显著,两者配施对辣椒产量和加工品质的提高具有较强的促进作用。模型寻优表明,辣椒产量超过29000 kg·hm−2,在95%置信区间,氮、磷、钾肥适宜施用量分别为109.24~174.43 、44.40~78.95 、213.85~287.95 kg·hm−2;辣椒品质综合评分在80分以上,在95%置信区间,氮、磷、钾肥适宜施用量分别为63.08~115.23、 42.26~72.50 、211.23~292.23 kg·hm−2  结论  辣椒产量达29000 kg·hm−2、加工品质综合评分达80分以上的施肥方案为氮肥109.24~115.23 kg·hm−2,磷肥44.40~72.50 kg·hm−2,钾肥213.85~287.95 kg·hm−2,适宜的氮、磷、钾肥施用量比例约为1.00~1.05∶0.41~0.6∶1.96~2.64。
  • 图  1  各单因子对辣椒产量和加工品质的效应

    Figure  1.  Effects of single factors on chili pepper yield and quality

    图  2  两因素互作效应分析

    Figure  2.  Two factor interactive effects on chili pepper yield and quality

    表  1  辣椒各处理编码值及施用量

    Table  1.   Codes and NPK applications

    处理
    Treatment
    X1(N)X2(P2O5X3(K2O)
    编码
    Code
    用量
    Dosage/(kg·hm−2
    编码
    Code
    用量
    Dosage/(kg·hm−2
    编码
    Code
    用量
    Dosage/(kg·hm−2
    1−10−10−10
    21250−10−10
    3−101150−10
    4−10−101350
    5−100.192589.440.1925208.69
    60.1925149.06−100.1925208.69
    70.1925149.060.192589.44−10
    8−0.291288.6011501350
    91250−0.291253.161350
    1012501150−0.2912124.04
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  2  各处理对辣椒产量和加工品质的影响

    Table  2.   Effects of treatments on chili pepper yield and quality

    处理
    Treatment
    产量
    Yield/
    (kg·hm−2
    二氢辣椒素
    Dihydrocapsaicin /
    (g·hg−1
    辣椒素
    Capsaicin /
    (g·hg−1
    辣椒素总量
    Total capsaicin/
    (g·hg−1
    色价
    Color valence
    脂肪含量
    Fat content /
    (g·hg−1
    含水量
    Water
    content/%
    综合评分
    Comprehensive score
    1 20123.50±820.47 0.19±0.01 0.22±0.02 0.45±0.02 3.77±0.09 6.15±0.11 70.22±1.86 39.75±0.61
    2 25902.30±1055.86 0.39±0.02 0.61±0.01 1.11±0.04 5.91±0.11 6.53±0.15 75.51±1.92 61.53±0.75
    3 21987.05±601.29 0.30±0.01 0.41±0.02 0.79±0.03 4.84±0.06 7.62±0.15 72.48±1.93 52.59±0.17
    4 27822.00±837.93 0.46±0.01 0.88±0.02 1.50±0.02 4.65±0.07 6.72±0.11 73.66±1.80 67.55±0.88
    5 29013.90±810.04 0.67±0.01 0.93±0.04 1.78±0.06 6.41±0.09 7.31±0.11 73.26±1.76 81.43±1.19
    6 29899.60±1067.01 0.73±0.01 1.19±0.02 2.13±0.04 6.09±0.10 7.54±0.14 72.73±1.54 89.35±0.93
    7 27110.70±883.39 0.52±0.02 0.74±0.02 1.40±0.03 6.41±0.10 7.26±0.12 71.64±1.67 71.91±0.60
    8 26808.10±1330.56 0.56±0.01 0.89±0.02 1.60±0.04 4.64±0.09 6.67±0.15 74.34±1.83 70.94±1.03
    9 30569.60±1119.88 0.80±0.02 1.30±0.04 2.34±0.05 7.17±0.14 6.88±0.20 73.84±1.30 96.34±1.44
    10 23929.000±981.05 0.36±0.01 0.46±0.02 0.91±0.03 4.37±0.13 7.04±0.18 73.25±1.76 53.47±0.15
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  3  产量和加工品质方程偏回归系数检验

    Table  3.   Partial regression coefficients of yield and quality equations

    参数
    Parameter
    偏回归系数
    Partial regression coefficient
    t
    t value
    显著性水平
    Significance
    方差膨胀因子
    VIF
    产量
    Yield
    加工品质
    Processing quality
    产量
    Yield
    加工品质
    Processing quality
    产量
    Yield
    加工品质
    Processing quality
    截距 Intercept30822.01793.48359.047199.9830.0000.000
    X1655.4403.6722.92718.3080.0080.0001.131
    X2−1265.803−6.386−5.652−31.8420.0000.0001.131
    X32215.37611.5889.89257.6780.0000.0001.131
    X12−1569.477−9.730−3.634−25.1570.0020.0001.121
    X22−3020.269−15.294−6.993−39.5420.0000.0001.121
    X32−1471.052−8.677−3.406−22.4330.0030.0001.121
    X1X2−1398.832−8.847−5.251−37.0830.0000.0001.186
    X1X3−835.1281.627−3.1356.8210.0050.0001.186
    X2X3−798.746−3.963−2.998−16.6090.0070.0001.186
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  4  辣椒产量超过29000 kg·hm2的因素取值频率分布

    Table  4.   Frequency distribution of factors for chili pepper yield higher than 29000 kg·hm-2

    变量因子
    Variable factor
    X1X2X3
    次数
    Count
    频率
    Frequency
    次数
    Count
    频率
    Frequency
    次数
    Count
    频率
    Frequency
    编码值
    Code
    −130.1250.2000.00
    −0.291270.28100.4050.20
    0.192580.32100.4090.36
    170.2800.00110.44
    加权平均值 Weighted average0.1401−0.23950.4511
    标准差 Standard deviation0.64560.44000.5241
    95%置信区间 95% confidence interval−0.1261~0.3954−0.4080~0.05260.2220~0.6454
    施肥方案 Fertilization scheme/(kg·hm−2109.24~174.4344.40~78.95213.85~287.95
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  5  辣椒加工品质综合评分超过80分的因素取值频率分布

    Table  5.   Frequency distribution of factors for chili pepper quality score above 80

    变量因子
    Variable factor
    X1 X2 X3
    次数
    Count
    频率
    Frequency
    次数
    Count
    频率
    Frequency
    次数
    Count
    频率
    Frequency
    编码值
    Code
    −1 3 0.13 5 0.22 0 0
    −0.2912 8 0.35 8 0.35 5 0.22
    0.1925 9 0.39 10 0.43 8 0.35
    1 3 0.13 0 0 10 0.43
    加权平均值 Weighted average 0.3083 0.3565 0.3565
    标准差 Standard deviation 0.4824 0.0972 0.1116
    95%置信区间 95% confidence interval −0.4954~−0.0782 −0.4365~−0.0334 0.2070~0.6698
    施肥方案 Fertilization scheme/(kg·hm−2 63.08~115.23 42.26~72.50 211.23~292.23
    下载: 导出CSV
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出版历程
  • 收稿日期:  2024-01-23
  • 修回日期:  2024-02-28
  • 网络出版日期:  2024-05-08
  • 刊出日期:  2024-04-28

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