Analysis of Agronomic Characters and Agricultural Economic Benefits of Directly Replanting of the 3nd Year Ratoon Sugarcane
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摘要:
目的 探究种茎直接补种对宿根蔗3年延长年限农艺性状和产量的影响，为进一步推广甘蔗种茎直接补种延长宿根蔗生产年限新技术提供依据。 方法 选取广西蔗区3个主栽品种桂柳2号（GL2）、桂糖44号（GT44）和粤糖00236（YT236）的第2年宿根蔗作为被补种群体，利用桂辐98-296（GF296）种茎对其栽种地块的缺株断垄蔗畦进行直接补种处理，以未补种群体为各自对照（CK），在宿根蔗第3年、第4年、第5年的收获期，分别测定补种和未补种处理甘蔗的农艺性状和蔗糖分，并计算经济效益。 结果 GL2、GT44和YT236经补种后有效茎数目目均显著高于CK，CK产量随宿根年限延长而减少，经补种后的群体产量随宿根年限延长而增加，在其他农艺性状的指标上无显著差异。未经补种的GL2、GT44和YT236群体的有效茎数目与宿根年限的呈极显著负相关，分别为−0.907、−0.931、−0.756；产量同样与宿根年限的呈极显著负相关，分别为−0.915、−0.905、−0.930；试验结果表明3个品种经补种后，宿根年限不与产量和有效茎数目呈负相关关系，表明了补种后甘蔗宿根年限能够延长；同时经补种后GL2、GT44和YT236群体的经济效益也有所增加，它们的3年宿根时期总计增加净收入分别为48120.80、46765.80、42398.60元·hm−2。 结论 GF296种茎直接补种能有效延长3年宿根年限，从经济效益对比而言是划算的，适宜大面积推广。研究结果为构建高产和稳产群体、发挥甘蔗宿根潜力、实现稳产高产栽培提供理论依据。 Abstract: Abstact:Objective In order to provide a basis for further promoting the new technology of extending the ratoon sugarcane seed stalk by direct replanting, the effects of extending the second year of ratoon on the traits and yield of sugarcane varieties were studied. Method GL2, GT44 and YT236, three major sugarcane varieties in Guangxi Province, were taken as the replanted population in the second year of ratoon. GF296 seed stalks were used for the direct replanting treatment on the ridge and furrow sugarcane beds with cultivated resistance and the non-replanted population was the control (CK), and the important agronomic traits and sucrose content of the replanted and non-replanted populations were determined at the harvest stage of the 3rd, 4th and 5th year of ratoon, respectively, and the economic benefits were measured. Result The number of effective stems of GL2, GT44 and YT236 after replanting was significantly higher than that of CK. The yield of CK decreased with the extension of permanent root years, and the population yield increased with the extension of permanent root years after replanting, but there was no significant difference in other agronomic traits. The effective stem number of GL2, GT44 and YT236 populations without replanting was negatively correlated with the ratoon years, which were −0.907, −0.931 and −0.756, respectively. The yield was also significantly negatively correlated with the years of ratoon roots, which were −0.915, −0.905 and −0.930, respectively. The results showed that the ratoon years of three varieties were not negatively correlated with yield and number of effective stems, indicating that the ratoon years of sugarcane could be extended after replanting. At the same time, the economic benefits of GL2, GT44 and YT236 groups also increased after replanting, and their total net income increased by 48120.80 yuan /hm2, 46765.80 yuan /hm2 and 42398.60 yuan /hm2 during the three-year ratoon period, respectively. Conclusion Directly replanting of GF296 could effectively extend the years of ratoon for 3 years, which was cost-effective in terms of economic benefit comparison and suitable for large-scale promotion. Therefore, this study provides a theoretical basis for constructing high and stable yield population, realizing the potential of sugarcane ratoon, and realizing stable and high yield. -
Key words:
- directly replanting with stem /
- ratoon sugarcane /
- the year of ratoon /
- yield /
- economic benefit
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图 1 不同甘蔗品种农艺性状之间的相关关系
*和**分别表示相关在P＜0.05和P＜0.01水平显著。
Figure 1. Correlation between agronomic traits between different sugarcane varieties
*and** indicate the significant correlation at P＜0.01 and P＜0.05 levels，respectively.
表 1 桂辐98-296种茎直接补种桂柳2号处理的农艺性状及其产量
Table 1. Agronomic characteristics and yield performance of sugarcane varieties of direct replanting of GL 2 with GF296
种植年份
Planting year群体
Groups有效茎数目
Number of effective stems
/(株·hm−2 )茎径
Stem diameter/
cm株高
Plant height/
cm单茎重
Stem weight/
(kg·株−1)蔗茎产量
Yield/
(kg·hm−2)蔗糖分
Sucrose
content/%宿根第3年
The third year of ratoon对照 CK 44237±1553 b 2.51±0.03 ab 289.67±9.07 cd 1.48±0.03 a 65.69±3.35 b 14.99±0.36 a 补种处理
Replanting60469±1539 a 2.53±0.02 ab 297.33±8.74 bcd 1.51±0.03 a 91.16±3.96 a 15.33±0.31 a 桂辐98-296
GF29616767±1000 e 2.45±0.01 b 314.67±5.03 ab 1.47±0.06 a 24.53±0.52 e 14.87±0.32 a 宿根第4年
The fouth year of ratoon对照 CK 29576±3845 d 2.46±0.03 b 290±9.54 cd 1.45±0.03 a 42.92±4.9 d 15.16±0.34 a 与上一年比
compared with last year-14661±2397.21 −0.09±0.02 0.33±2.08 −0.03±0.05 -22.77±1.87 0.17±0.57 补种处理
Replanting64630±2153 a 2.5±0.02 b 300.67±19.5 bcd 1.41±0.03 b 91.27±4.83 a 15.13±0.21 a 与上一年比
compared with last year4161±3431.65 −0.03±0.03 3.33±11.24 −0.1±0.06 0.11±8.77 −0.21±0.5 桂辐98-296
GF29635975±3435 c 2.54±0.02 a 324.33±6.03 a 1.46±0.06 a 52.26±2.88 c 15.25±0.16 a 与上一年比
compared with last year19208±2473.78 0.13±0.02 9.67±1.53 −0.01±0.03 27.72±2.37 0.38±0.41 宿根第5年
The fifth year of ratoon对照 CK 25710±3022 d 2.47±0.02 b 284.33±14.01 d 1.44±0.03 a 37.02±3.7 d 15.13±0.27 a 与上一年比
compared with last year−3866±826.78 0±0.02 −5.67±4.73 −0.01±0.03 -5.9±1.58 −0.03±0.11 补种处理
Replanting64665±2419 a 2.49±0.02 b 303±12.53 abcd 1.47±0.03 a 95.06±3.35 a 15.36±0.14 a 与上一年比
compared with last year35±966.22 −0.01±0.01 2.33±32.01 0.06±0.06 3.79±2.33 0.23±0.33 桂辐98-296GF296 40546±2149 bc 2.49±0.02 b 309±10.15 ab 1.51±0.03 a 61.17±3.81 b 15.28±0.33 a 与上一年比
compared with last year4571±5373.73 −0.06±0.01 −15.33±13.05 0.05±0.04 8.92±6.66 0.03±0.35 同列不同小写字母分别表示数据在P＜0.05水平显著，下同。
Difference uppercase and lowercase letters in same column indicate significant differences between dates year at P＜0.05 levels, as same as below
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表 2 桂辐98-296种茎直接补种桂糖44号重要农艺性状及其产量
Table 2. Agronomic characteristics and yield performance of sugarcane varieties of direct replanting of GT 44 with GF296
种植年份
Planting year群体
Groups有效茎数目
Number of effective
stems/(株·hm−2 )茎径
Stem diameter
/cm株高
Plant height
/cm单茎重
Stem weight
/(kg·株−1)蔗茎产量
Yield
/(kg·hm−2)蔗糖分
Sucrose
content /%宿根第3年
The third year of ratoon对照 CK 47611±1716 b 2.49±0.07 a 299.7±6.93 a 1.44±0.02 ab 68.72±3.19 b 15.18±0.61 a 补种处理
Replanting59954±4527 a 2.51±0.03 a 301.07±3.56 a 1.47±0.02 ab 88.09±5.67 a 15.11±0.37 a 桂辐98-296 GF296 16133±1701 e 2.52±0.04 a 300.83±18.37 a 1.41±0.08 ab 22.8±2.49 f 14.95±0.21 a 宿根第4年
The fouth year of ratoon对照 CK 31216±4077 c 2.47±0.10 a 308.3±16.98 a 1.33±0.05 b 41.56±5.25 de 15.37±0.33 a 与上一年比
compared with last year−16394.67±4152.41 −0.02±0.11 8.6±10.95 −0.11±0.07 −27.16±7.03 0.19±0.91 补种处理
Replanting61122±3061 a 2.49±0.13 a 306.63±18.26 a 1.5±0.07 a 91.64±1.58 a 15.36±0.58 a 与上一年比
compared with last year1168±6076.81 −0.01±0.12 5.57±17.48 0.03±0.09 3.55±4.21 0.25±0.72 桂辐98-296 GF296 34754±3460 c 2.36±0.04 a 323.27±2.14 a 1.41±0.11 ab 48.47±2.26 d 15.41±0.73 a 与上一年比
compared with last year18621.33±5130.66 −0.16±0.08 22.43±18.63 0±0.17 26.01±5.97 0.46±0.9 宿根第5年
The fifth year of ratoon对照 CK 26064±1550 d 2.46±0.19 a 295.57±24.07 a 1.42±0.04 ab 36.92±1.91 e 14.99±0.22 a 与上一年比
compared with last year4640.33±3971.76 0.01±0.03 −7.93±5.4 −0.05±0.07 3.85±6.92 −0.24±0.2 补种处理
Replanting65762±3500 a 2.5±0.13 a 298.7±18.20 a 1.45±0.01 ab 95.48±5.4 a 15.12±0.41 a 与上一年比
compared with last year4640.33±3971.76 0.01±0.03 −7.93±5.4 −0.05±0.07 3.85±6.92 −0.24±0.2 桂辐98-296 GF296 37128±2120 c 2.46±0.05 a 316.47±13.03 a 1.44±0.1 ab 53.17±2.34 c 15.30±0.14 a 与上一年比
compared with last year2374.33±5468.48 0.1±0.08 −6.8±11.85 0.03±0.2 4.36±5.22 −0.11±0.74
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表 3 桂辐98-296种茎直接补种粤糖 00236重要农艺性状及其产量
Table 3. Agronomic characteristics and yield performance of sugarcane varieties of direct replanting of YT 00236 with GF296
种植年份
Planting year群体
Groups有效茎数目
Number of effective
stems/(株·hm−2 )茎径
Stem diameter
/cm株高
Plant height
/cm单茎重
Stem weight
/(kg·株−1)蔗茎产量
Yield
/(kg·hm−2)蔗糖分
Sucrose
content/%宿根第3年
The third year of
ratoon对照 CK 36309±1937 c 2.52±0.03 a 308.47±5.75 cd 1.56±0.1 a 56.48±0.87 c 16.00±0.13 a 补种处理
Replanting57399±3429 b 2.43±0.03 cd 314.9±4.55 bc 1.44±0.01 b 82.71±2.53 b 15.95±0.25 a 桂辐98-296 GF296 21494±1893 f 2.38±0.04 cde 331.87±4.54 a 1.3±0.03 c 27.92±3 g 15.78±0.23 a 宿根第4年
The fouth year of
ratoon对照 CK 32420±2350 cde 2.51±0.04 ab 302.67±6.03 d 1.51±0.03 ab 48.82±2.56 de 15.77±0.25 a 与上一年比
compared with last year−3889±4256.6 −0.01±0.06 −5.8±2.31 −0.05±0.14 −7.66±1.74 −0.23±0.32 补种处理
Replanting64229±6094 a 2.44±0.03 bcd 321.6±1.51 b 1.42±0.02 b 91.33±2.08 a 15.71±0.16 a 与上一年比
compared with last year6829.67±722.73 0.01±0.06 6.7±6.02 −0.02±0.02 8.63±0.55 −0.23±0.2 桂辐98-296 GF296 31796±2254 de 2.31±0.06 e 340.4±4.5 a 1.29±0.07 c 41.03±4.59 f 15.64±0.18 a 与上一年比
compared with last year10302.67±382.38 −0.07±0.02 8.53±0.81 −0.01±0.04 13.11±1.83 −0.14±0.37 宿根第5年
The fifth year of
ratoon对照 CK 30138±3386 e 2.49±0.1 ab 301.14±1.62 d 1.45±0.07 ab 43.65±3.21 ef 15.55±0.14 a 与上一年比
compared with last year−2282.67±5735.57 −0.02±0.04 −1.53±4.5 −0.05±0.1 −5.16±5.53 −0.22±0.12 补种处理
Replanting65699±5714 a 2.47±0.03 ab 308.77±7.81 cd 1.43±0.06 b 94.08±2.73 a 15.97±0.78 a 与上一年比
compared with last year1469.67±1514.85 0.03±0.06 −12.83±6.33 0.01±0.04 2.74±1.29 0.26±0.92 桂辐98-296 GF296 34570±2421 cd 2.45±0.03 b 319.53±4.11 b 1.45±0.04 a 50.16±2.02 d 15.63±0.15 a 与上一年比
compared with last year2773.33±4662.54 0.14±0.03 −20.87±1.21 0.16±0.04 9.13±6.53 0±0.32
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表 4 桂辐98-296种茎直接补种的经济效益分析
Table 4. Analysis of agricultural economic benefits after direct replanting with GF 98-296
品种
Variety宿根年限
The third year
of ratoon增产量
Cane stems increase
yield(t/hm2)新增农业产值
New agricultural
output value(元/hm2)补种量
(t/hm2)
Amount of
replanting成本(元/hm2) 净收入
(元/hm2)
Net incremental
income蔗种成本
Cane seed
cost
补种作业
Replanting
operation砍收人工
Felling
labor合计
TotalGL2 宿根第3年
The third year of ratoon25.47 12735.00 1.31 786.00 1200.00 3056.40 5042.40 7692.60 宿根第4年
The fouth year of ratoon48.35 24175.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 5802.00 5802.00 18373.00 与上一年比
compared with last year22.88 11440 −1.31 −786 −1200 2745.6 759.6 10680.4 宿根第5年
The fifth year of ratoon58.04 29020.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 6964.80 6964.80 22055.20 与上一年比
compared with last year9.69 4845 0.00 0.00 0.00 1162.8 1162.8 3682.2 3年合计
Total131.86 65930.00 1.31 786.00 1200.00 15823.20 17809.20 48120.80 GT44 宿根第3年
The third year of ratoon19.37 9685.00 1.13 678.00 1200.00 2324.40 4202.40 5482.60 宿根第4年
The fouth year of ratoon50.08 25040.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 6009.60 6009.60 19030.40 与上一年比
compared with last year30.71 15355 −1.13 −678 −1200 3685.2 1807.2 13547.8 宿根第5年
The fifth year of ratoon58.56 29280.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 7027.20 7027.20 22252.80 与上一年比
compared
with last year8.48 4240 0.00 0.00 0.00 1017.6 1017.6 3222.4 3年合计
Total128.01 64005.00 1.13 678.00 1200.00 15361.20 17239.20 46765.80 YT236 宿根第3年
The third year of ratoon26.23 13115.00 2.81 1686.00 1200.00 3147.60 6033.60 7081.40 宿根第4年
The fouth year of ratoon42.51 21255.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 5101.20 5101.20 16153.80 与上一年比
compared
with last year16.28 8140 −2.81 −1686 −1200 1953.6 −932.4 9072.4 宿根第5年
The fifth year of ratoon50.43 25215.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 6051.60 6051.60 19163.40 与上一年比
compared with last year7.92 3960 0.00 0.00 0.00 950.4 950.4 3009.6 3年合计
Total119.17 59585.00 2.81 1686.00 1200.00 14300.40 17186.40 42398.60
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