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PGPR微胶囊菌剂研发及其对玉米的促生效果评价

刘文佳 刘天一 张俐敏 徐畅 莫继先

刘文佳,刘天一,张俐敏,等. PGPR微胶囊菌剂研发及其对玉米的促生效果评价 [J]. 福建农业学报,2024,39(3):266−275 doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2024.03.004
引用本文: 刘文佳,刘天一,张俐敏,等. PGPR微胶囊菌剂研发及其对玉米的促生效果评价 [J]. 福建农业学报,2024,39(3):266−275 doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2024.03.004
LIU W J, LIU T Y, ZHANG L M, et al. Microencapsulated Rhizosphere Bacteria for Promoting Growth of Corn Plants [J]. Fujian Journal of Agricultural Sciences,2024,39(3):266−275 doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2024.03.004
Citation: LIU W J, LIU T Y, ZHANG L M, et al. Microencapsulated Rhizosphere Bacteria for Promoting Growth of Corn Plants [J]. Fujian Journal of Agricultural Sciences,2024,39(3):266−275 doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2024.03.004

PGPR微胶囊菌剂研发及其对玉米的促生效果评价

doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2024.03.004
基金项目: 黑龙江省省属高等学校基本科研业务费项目(135409420);黑龙江省大学生创新创业训练计划项目(S202310232017)
详细信息
    作者简介:

    刘文佳(1999 —),女,硕士研究生,主要从事资源环境微生物学研究,E-mail:1740203063@qq.com

    通讯作者:

    莫继先(1982 —),男,博士,教授,主要从事资源环境微生物学研究,E-mail:mojixian8208@sina.com

  • 中图分类号: S541

Microencapsulated Rhizosphere Bacteria for Promoting Growth of Corn Plants

  • 摘要:   目的  为了提高植物根际促生菌(Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria, PGPR)对作物促生作用的稳定性,研制出以PGPR复合菌液为原料的微胶囊菌剂,探究其对玉米的促生效果。  方法  从玉米根际土壤中分离得到2株PGPR菌株并制备成复合液体菌液。分别用海藻酸钠(SA)和CaCl2作为包埋剂和交联剂,对复合菌液进行包埋以制备微胶囊菌剂。以复合微胶囊菌剂制备的难易程度和菌株包埋率、增殖前活菌数及增殖后活菌数为评价指标,确定微胶囊菌剂制备的最优条件。通过分析微胶囊菌剂在不同聚乙二醇含量、温度、pH、存储时间以及盐含量下的菌株生长及其对玉米生长和根系形态的影响确定PGPR微胶囊菌剂的特性。  结果  分离得到了2株PGPR菌株,具有多种植物促生功能。使用质量分数为1%SA-3%CaCl2制备的微胶囊菌剂稳定性较好,包埋率达91.27%,增殖后的微胶囊活菌数达到8.73×109 cfu·g−1,增殖7.79倍。微胶囊菌剂在不同干旱、温度、pH、存储时间和盐浓度条件下对PGPR菌株具有较好的保护作用。PGPR微胶囊菌剂对玉米有显著的促生作用,施用微胶囊菌剂使玉米株高、苗干重和根干重分别增加91.83%、81.82%和29.57%。同时微胶囊菌剂也显著提高了玉米总根长、根表面积、根平均直径、根体积和根尖数。  结论  探明了一种PGPR微胶囊菌剂的制备方法,施用该PGPR微胶囊剂能够显著促进玉米生长、改善玉米根系形态,对玉米的促生效果优于液体菌剂。
  • 图  1  菌株P1和K5的菌间拮抗试验

    Figure  1.  Interbacterial antagonism between P1 and K5

    图  2  菌株 P1(a)和K5(b)的显微形态

    Figure  2.  Microscopic morphology of P1 (a) and K5 (b)

    图  3  菌株P1的系统进化树

    Figure  3.  Phylogenetic tree of P1

    图  4  菌株K5的系统进化树

    Figure  4.  Phylogenetic tree of K5

    图  5  菌株P1和K5的生长曲线

    Figure  5.  Growth curves of P1 and K5

    图  6  SA1%-CaCl23%微胶囊颗粒形态

    Figure  6.  Morphology of 1% SA-3% CaCl2 microcapsules

    图  7  不同环境条件对两种剂型菌株生长的影响

    *表示两组之间差异显著(P<0.05)

    Figure  7.  Effect of environmental conditions on proliferation of PGPRs in two different dosages

    *indicates significant difference (P<0.05).

    图  8  不同剂型PGPR对玉米生长的影响

    a:株高;b:苗干重;c:根干重;不同小写字母表示不同组别间差异显著(P<0.05)。

    Figure  8.  Effect of PGPR dosage on growth of corn plants

    a: plant height; b: dry weight; c: root dry weight; data with different letters indicate significant differences (P<0.05).

    图  9  不同剂型PGPR对玉米根系形态的影响

    a:根长;b:根总表面积;c:根平均直径;d:根尖数;e:根体积;不同字母表示不同组别间差异显著(P<0.05)

    Figure  9.  Effect of PGPR dosage on root morphology of corn plants

    a: root length; b: total root surface area; c: average root diameter; d: number of root tips; e: root volume; data with different letters indicate significant differences (P<0.05).

    表  1  玉米根际土壤中筛选的具有促生特性的菌株及促生特性分析

    Table  1.   Strains and properties of corn growth-promoting bacteria from rhizosphere soil

    菌株
    Strains
    解磷量
    Phosphate solubilizing/
    (μg·mL−1)
    解钾量
    Potassium releasing/
    (μg·mL−1)
    固氮量
    Nitrogen fixation/
    (μg·mL−1)
    吲哚乙酸
    Indoleacetic acid/
    (μg·mL−1)
    铁载体活性
    Siderophore activity/%
    ACC含量
    ACC content/
    (μg·mL−1)
    P1 33.50±0.37a 1.44±0.16b 78.06±0.51a 55.72±0.67a 0.19±0.07e
    P2 31.49±0.51b 65.74±1.61b 44.19±0.94d 0.30±0.07b
    P3 31.34±0.58b 49.12±0.35b 0.27±0.05c
    P4 30.85±0.59b 46.47±0.27c 0.22±0.14d
    P5 30.12±0.03c 46.23±3.25d 40.48±0.44e 0.14±0.07f
    P6 31.13±0.04b 39.65±0.38e 0.20±0.06e
    N1 1.96±0.35a 33.5±0.527f 0.27±0.11c
    N2 1.27±0.21b 0.14±0.02f
    N3 1.23±0.10b 0.22±0.03d
    K1 1.22±0.09b 55.63±0.54c 31.52±0.39g 0.14±0.02f
    K2 1.17±0.07b 0.30±0.06b
    K3 1.26±0.07b 29.34±0.35g 0.25±0.13cd
    K4 1.35±0.28b 0.18±0.07e
    K5 2.26±0.07a 63.43±2.9b 50.46±0.71b 0.34±0.05a
    同列数据后不同字母表示差异显著(P<0.05);—表示无此项促生功能。
    Data with different letters on same column indicate significant differences (P<0.05); —indicate no growth-promoting function.
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  2  菌株P1和K5的生理生化特性

    Table  2.   Physiological and biochemical characteristics of P1 and K5

    菌株
    Strains
    淀粉水解
    实验
    Starch
    hydrolysis
    蔗糖发酵
    实验
    Sucrose
    fermentation
    乳糖发酵
    实验
    Lactose
    fermentation
    葡萄糖发酵
    实验
    Glucose
    fermentation
    甲基红实验
    Methyl red
    experiment
    柠檬酸盐
    实验
    Citrate
    experiment
    吲哚实验
    Indole
    experiment
    革兰氏染色
    实验
    Gram staining
    experiment
    触酶实验
    Catalase
    experiment
    伏-普实验
    Volt-P
    experiment
    菌株
    Strains
    P1 + + + + + +
    K5 + + + +
    +:阳性;−:阴性;
    +: positive; −: negative.
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  3  不同质量分数SA-CaCl2配比下微胶囊的操作性和成球性

    Table  3.   Microencapsulation of PGPRs with varied SA-CaCl2 combinations

    配比组合
    Varied combination
    操作性
    Operation
    成球性
    Sphericity
    1%SA 2%CaCl2
    Easy
    较好,拖尾,无粘连
    Better, trailing, no sticking
    3%CaCl2
    Easy
    较好,拖尾,少量粘连
    Better, trailing, few sticks
    4%CaCl2
    Easy
    较好,拖尾,少量粘连
    Better, trailing, few sticks
    2%SA 2%CaCl2
    Easy
    较好,拖尾,无粘连
    Better, trailing, no sticking
    3%CaCl2
    Easy
    较好,拖尾,少量粘连
    Better, trailing, few sticks
    4%CaCl2
    Easy
    较好,拖尾,少量粘连
    Better, trailing, few sticks
    3%SA 2%CaCl2
    Difficult
    较差,无拖尾,少量破碎
    Bad, no tailing, few fragile
    3%CaCl2
    Difficult
    较差,拖尾,少量粘连
    Bad, trailing, few sticks
    4%CaCl2
    Difficult
    差,拖尾,少量破碎,易粘连
    Poor, trailing, few fragile, sticks
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  4  微胶囊菌剂颗粒的理化性质

    Table  4.   Physicochemical properties of microcapsules

    配比组合
    Varied combination
    直径
    Diameter/mm
    机械强度
    Mechanical Strength/g
    增殖前胶囊活菌数
    Number of viable cells
    before proliferation/
    (×109 cfu·g−1)
    包埋率
    Embedding rate/%
    增殖后胶囊活菌数
    Number of viable cells
    in after proliferation/
    (×109 cfu·g−1)
    增殖倍数
    Multiplication ratio
    SA1%-CaCl22% 3.14±0.13b 3.29±0.16b 1.01±0.11b 85.60±2.25b 5.68±0.37b 5.62
    SA1%-CaCl23% 3.11±0.07c 3.21±0.13c 1.12±0.03c 91.27±1.05c 8.73±0.50c 7.79
    SA2%-CaCl22% 3.22±0.04a 3.35±0.03a 1.20±0.03a 81.17±1.91a 6.91±0.49a 5.76
    同列数据后不同字母表示差异显著(P<0.05)
    Data with different letters on same column indicate significant differences (P<0.05).
    下载: 导出CSV
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出版历程
  • 收稿日期:  2023-12-22
  • 修回日期:  2024-02-07
  • 网络出版日期:  2024-03-28
  • 刊出日期:  2024-03-28

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