优质、广适超甜玉米新品种闽双色6号的选育

廖长见; 张扬; 林建新; 滕振勇; 陈山虎; 林静; 卢和顶

优质、广适超甜玉米新品种闽双色6号的选育

1.
福建省农业科学院作物研究所/福建省特色旱作物品种选育工程技术研究中心，福建　福州　350013
2.
福建省种子总站，福建　福州　350003

基金项目: 福建省科技计划项目—省属公益类科研院所基本科研专项（2020R1031005, 2021R1031006）, 福建省种业创新与产业化工程项目（zycxny2021006）, 福建省科技厅重大专项（2020NZ08017）, 5511协同创新工程项目农业种质资源圃（库）（XTCXGC2021019）, 福建省财政专项—福建省农业科学院科技创新团队项目（CXTD2021011-2）, 福建省特色旱作物品种选育工程技术研究中心（闽科计［2017］13号）

详细信息

作者简介:
廖长见（1979−），男，副研究员，主要从事玉米遗传育种及栽培技术研究（E-mail：liaocj1978@163.com）

通讯作者:
卢和顶（1964−），男，研究员，主要从事玉米遗传育种及栽培技术研究（ E-mail: ymfaas@163.com）

中图分类号: S 334
计量
- 文章访问数: 8
- HTML全文浏览量: 3
- PDF下载量: 1
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 录用日期: 2023-04-24
- 网络出版日期: 2023-05-24

Breeding of a high quality, Wide adaptability super-sweet corn variety Minshuangse No. 6

1.
Crop Research Institute, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Technical Research Center of Dry Crop Variety Breeding in Fujian Province, Fuzhou, Fujian　　350013, China
2.
Fujian Provincial Seed Station, Fuzhou, Fujian　　350003, China

摘要

摘要: 目的选育品质优、产量高、抗倒性强、抗病性较强、耐热性好、适应性广的超甜玉米新品种。方法 2015年冬，应用 “温带种质×热带种质”的甜玉米杂种优势模式，利用福建省农业科学院作物研究所最新育成的热带种质黄色超甜玉米自交系闽甜系T146与温带种质白色超甜玉米自交系闽甜系AS67测交配组，培育黄白粒超甜玉米新品种闽双色6号。2018–2021年闽双色6号分别通过了了国家东南区、西南区鲜食玉米科企联合体区域试验。并于2021和2022年在广东惠州和福建建瓯开展了千亩示范。结果国家区试结果：产量方面，闽双色6号在2018-2019年东南区试中，两年平均鲜穗产量13587.8 kg·hm⁻²，比对照品种粤甜16号增产7.6%，增产点率80.9%。在西南区试中，两年平均鲜穗产量13505.3 kg·hm⁻²，比对照品种粤甜16号增产3.6%，增产点率70%。抗逆性方面，鲜食玉米品种闽双色6号在田间自然发病的情况下，中抗小斑病，中抗/高抗纹枯病，中抗/高抗瘤黑粉病，中抗茎腐病，中抗/感大斑病和南方锈病。接种鉴定，该品种感丝黑穗病，感/中抗小斑病，感瘤黑粉病，高感纹枯病，感/中抗南方锈病。品质方面，经专家鉴定，国家东南区试验综合评分89.2分，国家西南区试验综合评分86.8分，均优于对照品种粤甜16号（85.0分）；经扬州大学农学院理化品质检测，闽双色6号国家东南、西南两大区试平均皮渣率为11.8%，可溶性总糖含量为26.7%，还原糖含量为11.25%，优于对照品种粤甜16号的理化品质。分别于2020年和2022年通过国家农作物品种审定委员会审定（国审玉20200523、国审玉20220577 ）。惠州市马安镇千亩示范结果显示闽双色6号亩产1198.8kg，比对照增产5.9%，每亩可增效467.6元，品质品尝90.8分；建瓯市东游镇示范片亩产1259.3kg，比对照增产9.44%，每亩可增效478.24元，品质品尝为89.7分，均优于对照，且建议扩大该品种的推广和应用。结论闽双色6号很好地协调了品质与产量、抗性的关系，具有品质优、产量较高、抗倒性强、抗病性较强、耐热性较好、适应性广等优点，满足了生产上对优质高产新品种的需求，适宜在我国南方鲜食玉米种植区种植；闽双色6号的选育成功，再次证明“温带种质×热带种质”的杂种优势模式是甜玉米新品种选育的有效杂种优势利用模式。
- 甜玉米 /
- 品种选育 /
- 闽双色6号 /
- 特征特性
Abstract: Objective To breed new varieties of super sweet corn with high quality, high yield, lodging strong resistance, strong disease resistance, good heat resistance and wide adaptability. Methods In the winter of 2015, a new yellow and white grain super sweet corn variety Minshuangse No. 6 was bred by using the hybrid pattern of "temperate germplasm × tropical germplasm" of sweet corn, using the breeding group of Mintian T146, a tropical germplasm yellow super sweet corn inbred line, and Mintian AS67, a temperate germplasm white super sweet corn inbred line, which was newly developed by Crop Research Institute of Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences. From 2018 to 2021, Minshuangse No. 6 passed the regional test of the national Science and Enterprise Consortium of fresh food corn in Southeast and Southwest regions respectively. In 2021 and 2022, the thousand mu demonstration will be carried out in Huizhou, Guangdong Province, and Jianou, Fujian Province. Results Results of national regional trial: In terms of yield, Minshuangse No.6 showed an average yield of 13587.8 kg·hm^-2 fresh ear in the southeast regional trial from 2018 to 2019, which was 7.6% higher than that of the control variety Yuetian No. 16, with an increase point rate of 80.9%. The average yield of fresh ear was 13505.3 kg·hm^-2 in the southwest region, 3.6% higher than that of the control variety Yuetian 16, and the yield point rate was 70%. In terms of stress resistance, fresh food corn variety Minshuangse 6 showed moderate resistance to small spot disease, moderate resistance/high resistance to grain wilt, moderate resistance/high resistance to nodulation smuddery, moderate resistance to stem rot, moderate resistance/susceptible large spot disease and southern rust under the condition of natural disease in the field. Inoculation and identification showed that the variety was susceptible to head smut, susceptible to/moderate resistance to small spot, susceptible to nodular smut, susceptible to sheath blight, susceptible to/moderate resistance to southern rust. In terms of quality, the comprehensive score of the national Southeast test was 89.2 points and the comprehensive score of the national Southwest test was 86.8 points, both of which were better than the control variety Yutian 16 (85.0 points). According to the physical and chemical quality test conducted by the Agricultural College of Yangzhou University, the average residue percentage, total soluble sugar content and reducing sugar content of Minshuangse No. 6 in southeast and Southwest China were 11.8%, 26.7% and 11.25% respectively, which were better than the physical and chemical quality of the control variety Yuetan 16. It will be approved by the National Crop Variety Certification Committee in 2020 and 2022 respectively (National Jade 20200523 and National jade 20220577). The demonstration results showed that the yield of Minshuangse No.6 was 1198.8kg per mu, which increased by 5.9% compared with the control. The efficiency of Minshuangse No.6 was 467.6 yuan per mu, and the quality tasted 90.8 points. The per mu yield of Jian 'ou Dongyou Town demonstration plots was 1259.3kg, 9.44% higher than that of the control, and the efficiency per mu could be increased by 478.24 yuan, and the quality tasting was 89.7 points, which were better than the control, and it is suggested to expand the promotion and application of this variety. Conclusion Minshuangse No. 6 coordinated the relationship between quality and yield and resistance very well. It had the advantages of excellent quality, higher yield, lodging strong resistance, stronger disease resistance, better heat resistance and wide adaptability. The breeding success of Minshuangse No. 6 once again proves that the heterosis model of "temperate germplasm × tropical germplasm" is an effective heterosis utilization model for the breeding of new sweet maize varieties.
- Sweet corn /
- variety breeding /
- Min two-color No. 6 /
- characteristic

HTML全文

图 1 闽甜系T146的育种过程

Figure 1. The processes for breeding Mintianxi T146

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2 闽双色6号的选育过程

Figure 2. Breeding Processes of Minshuangse NO.6

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

表 1 闽双色6号在国家东南区鲜食玉米科企联合体区试中的产量表现

Table 1. Statistics of Minshuangse NO.6 on yield in the national southeast regional trials of fresh corn science and enterprise consortium

品种 Variety	年份 Year	鲜穗产量 Yield/ （kg·hm⁻²）	增产点率 Increasing point rate/%	比CK± Than CK±/%
闽双色6号 Minshuangse NO.6	2018	13150.5^**	80.9	8.2
闽双色6号 Minshuangse NO.6	2019	14025.0^**	80.9	6.9
	平均 Average	13587.8	80.9	7.6
粤甜27号（CK） Yuetian NO.27	2018	12156.0
粤甜16号（CK） Yuetian NO.16	2019	13125.0
	平均 Average	12640.5
显著性差异分析：* P ＜ 0.05，** P ＜ 0.01，无标注表示无显著差异。表2同。

下载: 导出CSV

表 2 闽双色6号在国家西南区鲜食玉米科企联合体区试中的产量表现

Table 2. Statistics of Minshuangse NO.6 on yield in the national southwest regional trials of fresh corn science and enterprise consortium

品种 Variety	年份 Year	鲜穗产量 Yield/ （kg·hm⁻²）	增产点率 Increasing point rate/%	比CK±% Than CK±/%
闽双色6号 Minshuangse NO.6	2020	13947.0	70	3.9
	2021	13063.5	70	3.2
	平均 Average	13505.3	70	3.6
粤甜16号（CK） Yuetian NO.16	2020	13428.0
	2021	12657.0
	平均 Average	13042.5

下载: 导出CSV

表 3 2018-2022闽双色6号在国家东南和西南区甜玉米区域试验中穗部性状表现

Table 3. Yield and ear characters of Minshuangse No. 6 in regional trials of sweet maize in Southeast and Southwest China from 2018 to 2022

区试地区 District trial area	年份 Year	品种 Variety	出苗至采收天数 Emergence to Day of harvest/Day	穗长 Panicle length/cm	穗粗 Ear thick/cm	穗行数 Ear rows	秃尖 Bald tip/cm	鲜百粒重 Fresh 100 grain weight/g	鲜出籽粒 Kernel ratio/%
东南区	2018	闽双色6号 Minshuangse NO.6	70.5	19.7	5.0	15.6	1.5	38.0	66.5
		粤甜27号 Yuetian NO.27	78.7	20.3	4.9	14.6	0.9	34.6	68.3
	2019	闽双色6号 Minshuangse NO.6	68	19.9	5.0	—	1.3	37.5	67.9
		粤甜16号 Yuetian NO.16	69.9	17.9	5.2	—	0.8	38.3	73.1
西南区	2020	闽双色6号 Minshuangse NO.6	82.5	20.0	5.0	15.9	1.9	40.1	70.6
		粤甜16号 Yuetian NO.16	85.7	17.9	5.2	17.1	0.8	40.9	73.0
	2021	闽双色6号 Minshuangse NO.6	78.6	20.3	5.0	16.2	3.0	35.1	69.8
		粤甜16号 Yuetian NO.16	80.4	18.6	5.2	17.0	1.6	39.1	75.5

下载: 导出CSV

表 4 国家东南区鲜食玉米科企联合体区试中抗性鉴定结果

Table 4. The resistance of varieties tested in the national southeast regional trials of fresh corn science and enterprise consortium

品种 Variety	年份 Year	小斑病 Small spot disease		纹枯病 Sheath blight		瘤黑粉病 Gall smut		南方锈病 Southern Rust		大斑病 Large spot disease	茎腐病 Stem rot	倒伏倒折率/% Lodging and inversion rate
品种 Variety	年份 Year	田间 Field	接菌 Inoculation	田间 Field	接菌 Inoculation	田间 Field	接菌 Inoculation	田间 Field	接菌 Inoculation	大斑病 Large spot disease	茎腐病 Stem rot	倒伏倒折率/% Lodging and inversion rate
闽双色6号 Minshuangse NO.6	2018	MR	S	MR	HS	R	S	MR	S	MR	MR	0.5
	2019	MR	MR	R	HS	MRN	S	S	S	S	MR	1.2
	均值 Average	MR	MR	MR	HS	MR	S	S	S	S	MR	0.9
粤甜16号 Yuetian NO.16（CK）	2018	MR	S	MR	MR	R	HR	MR	MR	MR	MR	0.3
	2019	MR	S	MR	MR	R	HS	MR	S	R	MR	1.3
	均值 Average	MR	S	MR	MR	R	R	MR	S	R	MR	0.8

下载: 导出CSV

表 5 国家西南区鲜食玉米科企联合体区试中抗性鉴定结果

Table 5. The resistance of varieties tested in the national southwest regional trials of fresh corn science and enterprise consortium

品种 Variety	年份 year	小斑病 Small spot disease		纹枯病 Sheath blight		丝黑穗病 Head smut		大斑病 Large spot disease	瘤黑粉病 Gall smut	倒伏倒折率/% Lodging and inversion rate
品种 Variety	年份 year	田间 field	接菌 Inoculation	田间 field	接菌 Inoculation	田间 field	接菌 Inoculation	大斑病 Large spot disease	瘤黑粉病 Gall smut	倒伏倒折率/% Lodging and inversion rate
闽双色6号 Minshuangse NO.6	2020	MR	S	R	HS	HR	HS	R	HR	0.8
	2021	R	MR	HR	HS	HR	S	MR	HR	0.3
	均值 Average	MR	MR	MR	HS	HR	S	R	HR	0.6
粤甜16号 Yuetian NO.16（CK）	2020	MR		R		R		HR	HR	1.1
	2021	MR		HR		HR		HR	HR	0.0
	均值 Average	MR		MR		MR		HR	HR	0.6

下载: 导出CSV

表 6 国家东南区鲜食玉米科企联合体区试品质表现

Table 6. Quality performance of varieties tested in the national southeast regional trials of fresh corn science and enterprise consortium

品种 Variety	年份 year	专家品质品尝综合评分 The expert tasting appraisal score				皮渣率 Dregs rate/%	可溶性总糖 Total soluble sugar/%	还原糖 Reducing sugar/%
品种 Variety	年份 year	东阳 Dongyang	福州 Fuzhou	广州 Guangzhou	平均 average	皮渣率 Dregs rate/%	可溶性总糖 Total soluble sugar/%	还原糖 Reducing sugar/%
闽双色6号 Minshuangse NO.6	2018	86.8	92.9	87.9	89.2	12.3	29.6	15.0
	2019	86.4	91.8	88.9	89.0	9.5	29.9	10
	均值 Average	86.6	92.4	88.4	89.1	10.9	29.8	12.5
粤甜16号（2018 CK） Yuetian NO.16	2018	85.0	85.0	85.0	85.0	12.0	18.5	10.2
粤甜27号（2019 CK） Yuetian NO.27	2019	85.0	85.0	85.0	85.0	8.9	14.3	7.9

下载: 导出CSV

表 7 国家东南区鲜食玉米科企联合体区试品质表现

Table 7. Quality performance of varieties tested in the national southwest regional trials of fresh corn science and enterprise consortium

品种 Variety	年份 Year	专家品质品尝综合评分 The expert tasting appraisal score				皮渣率 Dregs rate/%	可溶性总糖 Total soluble sugar/%	还原糖 Reducing sugar/%
品种 Variety	年份 Year	湖北 Dongyang	四川 Fuzhou	贵州 Guangzhou	平均 Average	皮渣率 Dregs rate/%	可溶性总糖 Total soluble sugar/%	还原糖 Reducing sugar/%
闽双色6号 Minshuangse NO.6	2020	86.3	85.3	88.0	86.5	11	26.5	12.3
	2021	87.3	84.0	90.0	87.1	14.5	20.7	7.8
	均值 Average	86.8	85.4	89.0	86.8	12.74	23.6	10.0
粤甜16号（CK） Yuetian NO.16	2020	85.0	85.0	85.0	85.0	12	18.5	10.2
粤甜27号（CK） Yuetian NO.16	2021	85.0	85.0	85.0	85.0	8.9	14.3	7.9
	均值 Average	85.0	85.0	85.0	85.0	10.5	16.4	9.1

下载: 导出CSV

表 8 2020、2021闽双色6号在耐热试验中的产量及穗部性状表现

Table 8. Yield and panicle characters of Minshuangse No. 6 in 2019 and 2020 in heat resistance test

年份 Year	品种 Variety	出苗至采收天（d） Emergence to Day of harvest	开花抽丝间隔（ASI） Flowering thread spacing	鲜穗亩产（kg） The yield of fresh ear per mu	穗长（cm） Panicle length	穗粗（cm） Ear thick	秃尖（cm） Bald tip	鲜百粒重（g） Fresh 100 grain weight	鲜出籽粒（%） Kernel ratio
2020	闽双色6号 Minshuangse NO.6	69.0	0.20	885.7	19.8	5.0	0.9	38.2	68.5
	粤甜16号 Yuetian NO.16	72.5	0.30	825.2	19.8	4.9	1.0	35.6	67.5
2021	闽双色6号 Minshuangse NO.6	68.0	0.10	931.1	19.9	5.1	0.8	37.8	68.2
	粤甜16号 Yuetian NO.16	69.9	0.33	874.2	18.1	5.0	1.1	37.3	66.9

下载: 导出CSV

表 9 2021年和2022年超甜玉米闽双色6号示范结果

Table 9. Super Sweet Corn Minshuangse No. 6 demonstration results for 2021 and 2022

品种 variety	示范地点 Demonstration site	核心示范面积（亩） Core demonstration area (mu)	辐射面积（亩） Radiated area ( mu)	3点平均重量（kg）	亩产（kg） yield per mu (kg)	比CK±% Than CK±/%	品质品尝分 Quality tasting score	田间收购价格（/kg） Field purchase price (/kg)	比CK增加的经济效益（元） Increased economic benefit over CK(Yuan)
闽双色6号 Minshuangse NO.6	广东省惠州市马安镇 Ma 'an Town, Huizhou City, Guangdong Province	216	11600	114.3	1270	5.9	90.8	3.0	467.6
金百甜15号 Jinbaitian NO.15	广东省惠州市马安镇 Ma 'an Town, Huizhou City, Guangdong Province	-	-	107.9	1198.8	-	85	2.8
闽双色6号 Minshuangse NO.6	福建省南平市东游镇 Dongyou Town, Nanping City, Fujian Province	126	1200	136.0	1259.3	9.44	89.7	4.4	478.24
萃甜216 Cuitian216	福建省南平市东游镇 Dongyou Town, Nanping City, Fujian Province	-	-	107.0	1150.6	-	87.1	4.2

下载: 导出CSV

参考文献(12)

[1]	杨泉女, 王蕴波. 甜玉米胚乳突变基因的研究进展及其在育种中应用的策略 [J]. 分子植物育种, 2005, 3(6):877−882. YANG Q N, WANG Y B. Research progress and breeding strategy of endosperm mutant genes of sweet corn [J]. Molecular Plant Breeding, 2005, 3(6): 877−882.(in Chinese)
[2]	郭尚敬. 玉米种子发育过程中淀粉的积累及直链淀粉合成关键酶基因的分离与表达[D]. 泰安: 山东农业大学, 2000. GUO S J. Starch accumulation during maize seed development and isolation and expression of key enzyme genes for amylose synthesis[D]. Taian: Shandong Agricultural University, 2000. (in Chinese)
[3]	韩雪. 论如何使甜玉米获得高产 [J]. 农民致富之友, 2017(6):90. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1003-1650.2017.06.085 HAN X. On how to make sweet corn get high yield [J]. Nongmin Zhifuzhiyou Yuekan, 2017(6): 90.(in Chinese) doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1003-1650.2017.06.085
[4]	禹玉华, 梁承邺, 段俊, 等. 外引超甜玉米品种试种初报 [J]. 广东农业科学, 2001, 28(2):20−22. YU Y H, LIANG C Y, DUAN J, et al. Preliminary report on trial planting of introduced super sweet corn varieties [J]. Guangdong Agriculturl Science, 2001, 28(2): 20−22.(in Chinese)
[5]	甘阳英, 万忠, 刘蔚楠, 等. 2014年广东甜玉米产业发展形势与对策建议 [J]. 广东农业科学, 2015, 42(11):11−15. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-874X.2015.11.003 GAN Y Y, WAN Z, LIU W N, et al. Development situation and countermeasures of Guangdong sweet corn industry in 2014 [J]. Guangdong Agricultural Sciences, 2015, 42(11): 11−15.(in Chinese) doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-874X.2015.11.003
[6]	林建新, 陈山虎, 廖长见, 等. 甜玉米新品种闽甜6855的选育 [J]. 福建农业学报, 2016, 31(11):1171−1174. LIN J X, CHEN S H, LIAO C J, et al. Breeding a new sweet corn variety, Mintian 6855 [J]. Fujian Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 2016, 31(11): 1171−1174.(in Chinese)
[7]	廖长见, 张扬, 林建新, 等. 甜玉米新品种‘闽甜683’的选育 [J]. 福建农业学报, 2018, 33(6):591−596. LIAO C J, ZHANG Y, LIN J X, et al. Breeding a new sweet corn variety, Mintian 683 [J]. Fujian Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 2018, 33(6): 591−596.(in Chinese)
[8]	卢柏山, 史亚兴, 徐丽, 等. 京科甜系列水果型优质玉米品种选育及应用 [J]. 作物杂志, 2015(1):46−48. LU B S, SHI Y X, XU L, et al. Breeding and application of jingke series of fruit sweet corn [J]. Crops, 2015(1): 46−48.(in Chinese)
[9]	陈志坚. 福建省鲜食玉米产业概况及发展策略 [J]. 东南园艺, 2017, 5(2):51−53. CHEN Z J. Overview and development strategies of fresh corn industry in Fujian Province [J]. Southeast Horticulture, 2017, 5(2): 51−53.(in Chinese)
[10]	姚文华, 谭静, 陈洪梅, 等. 玉米杂种优势类群的研究进展 [J]. 玉米科学, 2006, 14(5):30−34. YAO W H, TAN J, CHEN H M, et al. The advances of studying on maize heterotic group [J]. Journal of Maize Sciences, 2006, 14(5): 30−34.(in Chinese)
[11]	刘纪麟. 玉米育种学[M]. 北京: 中国农业出版社, 1998.
[12]	廖长见, 张扬, 陈伟, 等. 优质超甜玉米新品种闽双色4号的选育 [J]. 福建农业学报, 2021, 36(4):386−393. LIAO C J, ZHANG Y, CHEN W, et al. Breeding high-quality super-sweet corn, minshuangse No. 4 [J]. Fujian Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 2021, 36(4): 386−393.(in Chinese)