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玉米灌浆期淹水胁迫对籽粒品质的影响

弓雪 卢生乔 陈坤 覃宏宇 周锦国 韦正乙 钟昌松 杨耀迥 冀宇奇 刘亚利 张述宽

弓雪,卢生乔,陈坤,等. 玉米灌浆期淹水胁迫对籽粒品质的影响 [J]. 福建农业学报,2023,38(7):1−9
引用本文: 弓雪,卢生乔,陈坤,等. 玉米灌浆期淹水胁迫对籽粒品质的影响 [J]. 福建农业学报,2023,38(7):1−9
GONG X, LU S Q, CHEN K, et al. Effect of Waterlogging on Quality of Maize Kernels at Filling Stage [J]. Fujian Journal of Agricultural Sciences,2023,38(7):1−9
Citation: GONG X, LU S Q, CHEN K, et al. Effect of Waterlogging on Quality of Maize Kernels at Filling Stage [J]. Fujian Journal of Agricultural Sciences,2023,38(7):1−9

玉米灌浆期淹水胁迫对籽粒品质的影响

基金项目: 广西自然科学基金项目(GXNSFAA297136);广西创新驱动发展专项资金项目(桂科AA22068095);广西农业科学院基本科研业务专项(桂农科2021YT016);广西农科院科技发展基金项目(桂农科2021ZX11、桂农科2022JM18)
详细信息
    作者简介:

    弓雪(1983−),女,博士,副研究员,研究方向:玉米分子育种及新品种选育(E-mail:280404497@qq.com)

    通讯作者:

    刘亚利(1981−),女,硕士,助理研究员,研究方向:玉米遗传育种(E-mail:715727271@qq.com)

    张述宽(1963−),男,本科,研究员,研究方向:玉米遗传育种(E-mail:790039187@qq.com)

  • 中图分类号: S513

Effect of Waterlogging on Quality of Maize Kernels at Filling Stage

  • 摘要:   目的  研究淹水对灌浆期玉米籽粒品质的影响,为玉米耐涝品种的选育和耐涝机制研究提供参考。  方法  供试材料为广西骨干自交系88M-1-8和先21A,授粉后分别进行正常水分处理(CK)和淹水处理(W),每个处理设14和18 d两个持续时间,即CK-14、CK-18、W-14和W-18,测定正常供水和淹水胁迫下玉米籽粒中可溶性蛋白质、可溶性糖、淀粉、蔗糖、脱落酸(ABA)含量,及蔗糖合成酶(分解方向,SS-I)和结合态淀粉合成酶(GBSS)活性,利用主成分分析和隶属函数法评价淹水胁迫对玉米品质的影响。  结果  88M-1-8在W-14时籽粒蛋白、淀粉和ABA含量、SS-I和GBSS活性显著高于先21A,在W-18时可溶性糖、淀粉和ABA含量、GBSS活性显著高于先21A。2个自交系随着淹水天数的增加,籽粒中可溶性蛋白、淀粉和蔗糖含量、SS-I和GBSS活性均显著提高。与正常水分处理相比,88M-1-8在W-14时蛋白、淀粉和ABA含量、SS-I活性上升幅度更大,先21A可溶性糖和蔗糖含量、GBSS活性上升幅度更大;88M-1-8在W-18时可溶性糖和ABA含量增幅更大,而先21A蛋白、淀粉和蔗糖含量、SS-I和GBSS活性增幅更大。利用主成分分析及隶属函数法对玉米籽粒的各项指标进行综合评价,籽粒品质的耐涝性结果表明:W-14的88M-1-8>W-18的88M-1-8>W-14的先21A>W-18的先21A。  结论  淹水胁迫提高88M-1-8和先21A籽粒中可溶性蛋白、可溶性糖、淀粉和蔗糖含量、SS-I和GBSS活性。但88M-1-8和先21A对淹水胁迫的生化应答存在差异,淹水胁迫后耐涝自交系88M-1-8的SS-I和GBSS活性、淀粉和ABA含量均显著高于不耐涝自交系先21A。随着胁迫时间的增加,88M-1-8和先21A籽粒品质的耐涝性均有所降低,但88M-1-8耐涝性仍高于先21A。因此,在涝害频发区域应选择耐涝性较强的自交系。
  • 图  1  淹水胁迫对玉米可溶性蛋白含量的影响

    图柱上不同小写字母表示2个自交系不同处理间差异显著(P<0.05),图2-4同。

    Figure  1.  Effect of waterlogging on soluble protein content in maize kernels

    Data with different lowercase letters on a bar indicated significant differences at P<0.05. Same for Figs. 2-4.

    图  2  淹水胁迫对玉米糖类物质含量的影响

    Figure  2.  Effect of waterlogging on sugar content in maize kernels

    图  3  淹水胁迫对玉米淀粉合成相关酶活性的影响

    Figure  3.  Effect of waterlogging on activities of enzymes related to starch synthesis in maize kernels

    图  4  淹水胁迫对玉米ABA含量的影响

    Figure  4.  Effect of waterlogging on ABA content in maize kernels

    图  5  各指标的主成分分析的碎石图

    Figure  5.  Lithotripsy diagram of principle component analysis on indicators

    表  1  各项指标的耐涝系数

    Table  1.   Waterlogging resistance coefficients on indicators

    自交系
    Inbred line
    处理天数
    Treatment day
    可溶性蛋白
    Soluble protein
    可溶性糖
    Soluble sugar
    淀粉
    Starch
    蔗糖
    Sucrose
    蔗糖合成酶(分解方向)
    SS-I
    结合态淀粉合成酶
    GBSS
    脱落酸
    ABA
    88M-1-814 d1.141.111.530.991.190.911.18
    18 d0.981.191.201.011.091.051.51
    先21A14 d1.031.791.101.571.201.540.88
    18 d1.111.031.551.111.081.201.03
    平均值 Mean1.071.281.341.171.141.171.15
    标准偏差 STDEV0.070.350.230.270.060.270.27
    变异系数
    Variable coefficient/%
    6.6827.2217.0523.485.6623.2523.29
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  2  各指标的主成分分析的载荷矩阵

    Table  2.   Load matrix of principle component analysis on indicators

    指标
    Index
    因子载荷 Factor loading
    PC1PC2
    可溶性蛋白 Soluble protein−0.420.91
    可溶性糖 Soluble sugar0.98−0.05
    淀粉 Starch−0.770.61
    蔗糖 Sucrose0.980.15
    蔗糖合成酶(分解方向) SS-I0.540.48
    结合态淀粉合成酶 GBSS0.920.05
    脱落酸 ABA−0.61−0.74
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  3  主成分分析的特征值和贡献率

    Table  3.   Eigenvalue and contribution rate of principle components

    项目
    Item
    因子载荷 Factor loading
    PC1PC2
    特征值 Eigen Value4.222.01
    贡献率 Contribution rate/%60.2728.66
    累积贡献率 Cumulative contribution rate/%60.2788.93
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  4  玉米自交系不同处理的隶属函数分析及耐涝性排序

    Table  4.   Membership function analysis on waterlogging tolerance of maize inbred lines under treatments

    自交系
    Inbred line
    处理天数
    Treatment day
    综合指标 Comprehensive index隶属函数值 Subordinate function valueD
    D Value
    排序
    Ranking
    F1F2UX1UX2
    88M-1-8
    88M-1-8
    14 d−0.6460.7980.0001.0000.5391
    18 d−0.363−1.4470.1330.0000.2912
    先21A
    Xian 21A
    14 d1.4900.1541.0000.7130.2863
    18 d−0.4810.4950.0770.8650.1244
    下载: 导出CSV
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  • 收稿日期:  2022-12-02
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