甘蔗新品种闽糖061405的选育

潘世明; 张树河; 李瑞美; 李和平; 李海明

doi:10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2019.04.002

甘蔗新品种闽糖061405的选育

doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2019.04.002

1.
福建省农业科学院亚热带农业研究所, 福建漳州 363005
2.
广西蔗糖产业协同创新中心, 广西南宁 530004

基金项目:

国家糖料产业技术体系建设专项 CARS-170707

福建省科技计划项目——省属公益类科研院所基本科研专项 2016R1012-2

福建省农业科学院一般项目 A2017-8

详细信息

作者简介:
潘世明(1965-), 男, 研究员, 主要从事甘蔗育种及栽培技术研究(E-mail:panshiming666@sina.com)

中图分类号: S566.1
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2019-03-02
- 修回日期: 2019-04-03
- 刊出日期: 2019-04-28

A New Sugarcane Variety, Mintang 061405

1.
Subtropical Agriculture Research Institute, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhangzhou, Fujian 363005, China
2.
Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center of Sugarcane Industry, Nanning, Guangxi. 530004, China

摘要

摘要: 目的选育高产高糖、宿根性强、抗倒伏、适合机械化生产的甘蔗新品种，为我国蔗糖产业的持续发展提供品种和技术支持。方法以闽糖92-649为母本、新台糖10号为父本，通过五圃制杂交，选育出优良甘蔗新品种闽糖061405，并在福建省进行多年多点生产试验和参加全国联合区域试验，同时进行遗传组成分析。结果在福建省多年多点品种试验中，闽糖061405每公顷蔗茎产量133.055 t，11月至翌年1月平均蔗糖分（绝对值）15.35%，每公顷含糖量20.475 t，与主栽品种新台糖16号相比，蔗茎产量增加19.84%、含糖量增加11.83%、蔗糖分降低0.23个百分点；遗传组成分析结果表明，闽糖061405共含有14个不同基础种质，遗传组成丰富。结论闽糖061405具有高产高糖、宿根性强、适应性广、抗倒伏能力强的优良特性，且具有适宜全程机械化栽培的特征，是一个种性优良的甘蔗新品种，但对黑穗病表现感病，适宜在广西、广东、海南、福建、云南临沧等我国主要蔗区种植并推广全程机械化栽培。
- 甘蔗 /
- 新品种 /
- 选育 /
- 特征特性 /
- 遗传组成
Abstract: Objective To breed a new variety of sugarcane that had high yield and sucrose content, strong ratooning ability and lodging-resistance, and were adaptable for mechanized production in preparation for the development of a sustainable cane sugar industry in China. Method Mintang 061405, selected from the cross combinations between Mintang 92-649 and ROC10, was bred following the procedures of the Five-nursery Breeding System. Result The new variety successfully passed the production tests at different sites for several years in Fujian as well as a national regional test. Mintang 061405 exhibited a mean cane yield of 130.055 t·hm^-2 with a November-to-February sucrose content (absolute value) of 15.35% and a sugar yield of 20.475 t·hm^-2, representing 19.84% increase on cane yield, 11.83% increase on sugar yield, and 0.23% less on sucrose content over those of the currently leading variety ROC16 in Fujian. The genetic composition of the new variety richly inherited from 14 different basic germplasms. Conclusion Mintang 061405 was a new sugarcane variety exhibiting the desirable properties of high yield, high sucrose content, strong ratooning ability, wide adaptability, high resistance to lodging, and adaptable to the mechanized planting and harvesting in the major sugarcane producing areas in China, such as Guangxi, Guangdong, Hainan, Fujian, and Yunnan lincang. However, a deficiency was found on its susceptibility to smut infection.
- sugarcane /
- new variety /
- selection and breeding /
- characteristics /
- genetics

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图 1 闽糖061405系谱图

Figure 1. Genetics of Mintang 061405 pedigree

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表 1 闽糖061405与对照品种新台糖16号(CK)主要农艺性状比较

Table 1. Main characteristics of Mintang 061405 and ROC16(CK)

试验阶段 Nursery	品种 Variety	萌芽率 Germination rate/%	发株率 Ratooring rate /%	分蘖率 Tillering rate/%	株高 Stalk height/cm	茎径 Stalk diameter/cm	有效茎数 Number of effective stalk /(条·hm^-2)
鉴定阶段 Appraise nursery	闽糖061405	79.44	57.50	74.82	312	2.90	93330
鉴定阶段 Appraise nursery	CK	77.36	71.09	144.32	338	2.26	83745
预备品比 Prepare variety comparison test	闽糖061405	74.77	48.26	98.16	293	2.90	60000
预备品比 Prepare variety comparison test	CK	81.25	64.30	110.27	303	2.45	61875
品比试验 Variety comparison test	闽糖061405	74.79	46.24	74.90	289	2.86	82083
品比试验 Variety comparison test	CK	82.90	84.60	61.50	291	2.58	85416
生产试验 Production test	闽糖061405	57.26	50.43	89.13	271	2.61	73743
生产试验 Production test	CK	78.13	65.79	54.21	292	2.58	74906
平均 Average	闽糖061405	71.56±9.78	50.61±4.90	84.25±1.459	291±17	2.82±0.14	77289±14045
平均 Average	CK	79.91±2.61	71.44±9.24	2.57±42.54	306±22	2.47±0.15	76485±10777

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表 2 闽糖061405与对照品种新台糖16号(CK)经济性状对比

Table 2. Economic evaluation on Mintang 061405 and ROC16

试验阶段 Nursery	蔗茎产量Cane yield/(t·hm^-2)				蔗糖分Sucrose content/%		含糖量Sugar yield/(t·hm^-2)
试验阶段 Nursery	闽糖061405 Mintang 061405	CK	比CK/% Compare with CK		闽糖061405 Mintang 061405	CK	闽糖061405 Mintang 061405	CK	比CK/% Compare with CK
鉴定阶段(1新1宿)Appraise nursery(one year planting, one year ratoon)
新植	192.615	113.370	69.90		15.79	15.57	30.414	17.652	72.30
宿根	134.310	102.900	30.52		15.90	16.02	21.355	16.484	29.55
平均	163.462	108.135	51.16		15.85	15.78	25.884	17.068	51.66
预备品比(1新1宿)Prepare variety comparison test(one year planting, one year ratoon)
新植	117.238	111.425	5.22		14.83	15.01	17.386	16.725	3.95
宿根	118.196	88.260	33.92		15.27	15.47	18.048	13.654	32.18
平均	117.717	99.842	17.90		15.05	15.24	17.716	15.216	16.43
品比阶段(2新2宿) Variety comparison test(two years planting, two years ratoon)
新植	138.000Aa	132.072 Aa	4.49		15.47	15.67	21.348Aa	20.695Aa	3.16
宿根	129.495Aa	111.780 Ab	15.85		14.50	15.21	18.777Aa	16.995Ab	10.48
平均	133.747	121.926	9.70		14.97	15.44	20.062	18.845	6.46
生产试验(2新1宿)Production test(two years planting, one year ratoon)
新植	123.114	117.800	4.51		15.50	15.68	19.083	18.471	3.31
宿根	111.473	110.622	0.77		15.61	16.03	17.401	17.733	－1.19
平均	117.293	114.211	2.70			15.55	15.85		18.239	18.102	0.76
总平均Overall Average
新植闽糖061405	142.742±29.772		20.29			15.40±0.35		22.058±5.025		12.00
CK	118.667±8.077					15.48±0.28		18.385±1.469
宿根闽糖061405	123.368±9.021		19.32	15.32±0.52		18.895±1.501		11.65
CK	103.390±9.379			15.68±0.35		16.216±1.545
平均闽糖061405	133.055±18.767		19.84	15.35±0.36		20.475±3.242		11.83
CK	111.028±8.099					15.58±0.25		17.308±1.363

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