种茎直接补种对宿根蔗农艺性状及经济效益分析的影响

蒋柱辉; 周慧文; 闫海锋; 梁学优; 宋石; 韦志英; 覃磊; 熊发前; 游建华; 丘立杭

种茎直接补种对宿根蔗农艺性状及经济效益分析的影响

蒋柱辉^1,,
周慧文^2,,
闫海锋²,
梁学优³,
宋石⁴,
韦志英⁵,
覃磊³,
熊发前²,
游建华^2, ,,
丘立杭^2, ,

1.
广西糖业集团有限公司，广西　南宁　530022
2.
广西壮族自治区农业科学院甘蔗研究所/广西甘蔗遗传改良重点实验室/农业农村部广西甘蔗生物技术与遗传改良重点实验室，广西　南宁　530007
3.
广西柳州市柳江区甘蔗技术推广站，广西　柳州　545100
4.
广西南宁市良庆区良庆镇农业服务中心，广西　南宁　530201
5.
广西来宾市兴宾区甘蔗技术推广站，广西　来宾　546138

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金项目（31701363）；现代农业产业技术体系建设专项（CARS-170105、CARS-170206）；广西特色作物试验站建设项目（桂TS202105）

详细信息

作者简介:
蒋柱辉（1981—），男，硕士，高级农艺师，主要从事甘蔗栽培研究，E-mail：916077749@qq.com

周慧文（1990—），女，硕士，助理研究员，主要从事甘蔗栽培研究，E-mail：windyrentmd@qq.com

通讯作者:
游建华（1964—），男，博士，研究员，主要从事甘蔗栽培研究，E-mail：youjianhua01@163.com

丘立杭（1983—），男，硕士，副研究员，主要从事甘蔗栽培研究，E-mail：quihang163@163.com

中图分类号: S566.1
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2023-10-15
- 修回日期: 2023-12-18
- 网络出版日期: 2024-03-28

Analysis of Agronomic Characters and Agricultural Economic Benefits of Directly Replanting of the 3^nd Year Ratoon Sugarcane

1.
Guangxi sugar industry group, Guangxi Nanning　530022
2.
Sugarcane Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Biotechnology and Genetic Improvement (Guangxi), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Guangxi Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Genetic Improvement, Guangxi Nanning　530007
3.
Liujiang district sugarcane technology promotion station, Guangxi Liuzhou　545100
4.
Liangqing town agricultural service center of Liangqing District in Nanning City, Guangxi Nanning　530201
5.
Sugarcane Technology Extension Station of Xingbin District in Laibin City, Guangxi Laibin　546138

摘要

摘要: 目的探究种茎直接补种对宿根蔗3年延长年限农艺性状和产量的影响，为进一步推广甘蔗种茎直接补种延长宿根蔗生产年限新技术提供依据。方法选取广西蔗区3个主栽品种桂柳2号（GL2）、桂糖44号（GT44）和粤糖00236（YT236）的第2年宿根蔗作为被补种群体，利用桂辐98-296（GF296）种茎对其栽种地块的缺株断垄蔗畦进行直接补种处理，以未补种群体为各自对照（CK），在宿根蔗第3年、第4年、第5年的收获期，分别测定补种和未补种处理甘蔗的农艺性状和蔗糖分，并计算经济效益。结果 GL2、GT44和YT236经补种后有效茎数目目均显著高于CK，CK产量随宿根年限延长而减少，经补种后的群体产量随宿根年限延长而增加，在其他农艺性状的指标上无显著差异。未经补种的GL2、GT44和YT236群体的有效茎数目与宿根年限的呈极显著负相关，分别为−0.907、−0.931、−0.756；产量同样与宿根年限的呈极显著负相关，分别为−0.915、−0.905、−0.930；试验结果表明3个品种经补种后，宿根年限不与产量和有效茎数目呈负相关关系，表明了补种后甘蔗宿根年限能够延长；同时经补种后GL2、GT44和YT236群体的经济效益也有所增加，它们的3年宿根时期总计增加净收入分别为48120.80、46765.80、42398.60元·hm⁻²。结论 GF296种茎直接补种能有效延长3年宿根年限，从经济效益对比而言是划算的，适宜大面积推广。研究结果为构建高产和稳产群体、发挥甘蔗宿根潜力、实现稳产高产栽培提供理论依据。
- 种茎直接补种 /
- 宿根蔗 /
- 宿根年限 /
- 产量 /
- 经济效益
Abstract: Abstact: Objective In order to provide a basis for further promoting the new technology of extending the ratoon sugarcane seed stalk by direct replanting, the effects of extending the second year of ratoon on the traits and yield of sugarcane varieties were studied. Method GL2, GT44 and YT236, three major sugarcane varieties in Guangxi Province, were taken as the replanted population in the second year of ratoon. GF296 seed stalks were used for the direct replanting treatment on the ridge and furrow sugarcane beds with cultivated resistance and the non-replanted population was the control (CK), and the important agronomic traits and sucrose content of the replanted and non-replanted populations were determined at the harvest stage of the 3rd, 4th and 5th year of ratoon, respectively, and the economic benefits were measured. Result The number of effective stems of GL2, GT44 and YT236 after replanting was significantly higher than that of CK. The yield of CK decreased with the extension of permanent root years, and the population yield increased with the extension of permanent root years after replanting, but there was no significant difference in other agronomic traits. The effective stem number of GL2, GT44 and YT236 populations without replanting was negatively correlated with the ratoon years, which were −0.907, −0.931 and −0.756, respectively. The yield was also significantly negatively correlated with the years of ratoon roots, which were −0.915, −0.905 and −0.930, respectively. The results showed that the ratoon years of three varieties were not negatively correlated with yield and number of effective stems, indicating that the ratoon years of sugarcane could be extended after replanting. At the same time, the economic benefits of GL2, GT44 and YT236 groups also increased after replanting, and their total net income increased by 48120.80 yuan /hm2, 46765.80 yuan /hm2 and 42398.60 yuan /hm2 during the three-year ratoon period, respectively. Conclusion Directly replanting of GF296 could effectively extend the years of ratoon for 3 years, which was cost-effective in terms of economic benefit comparison and suitable for large-scale promotion. Therefore, this study provides a theoretical basis for constructing high and stable yield population, realizing the potential of sugarcane ratoon, and realizing stable and high yield.
- directly replanting with stem /
- ratoon sugarcane /
- the year of ratoon /
- yield /
- economic benefit

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图 1 不同甘蔗品种农艺性状之间的相关关系

*和**分别表示相关在P＜0.05和P＜0.01水平显著。

Figure 1. Correlation between agronomic traits between different sugarcane varieties

*and** indicate the significant correlation at P＜0.01 and P＜0.05 levels，respectively.

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表 1 桂辐98-296种茎直接补种桂柳2号处理的农艺性状及其产量

Table 1. Agronomic characteristics and yield performance of sugarcane varieties of direct replanting of GL 2 with GF296

种植年份 Planting year	群体 Groups	有效茎数目 Number of effective stems /(株·hm⁻² )	茎径 Stem diameter/ cm	株高 Plant height/ cm	单茎重 Stem weight/ (kg·株⁻¹)	蔗茎产量 Yield/ (kg·hm⁻²)	蔗糖分 Sucrose content/%
宿根第3年 The third year of ratoon	对照 CK	44237±1553 b	2.51±0.03 ab	289.67±9.07 cd	1.48±0.03 a	65.69±3.35 b	14.99±0.36 a
	补种处理 Replanting	60469±1539 a	2.53±0.02 ab	297.33±8.74 bcd	1.51±0.03 a	91.16±3.96 a	15.33±0.31 a
	桂辐98-296 GF296	16767±1000 e	2.45±0.01 b	314.67±5.03 ab	1.47±0.06 a	24.53±0.52 e	14.87±0.32 a
宿根第4年 The fouth year of ratoon	对照 CK	29576±3845 d	2.46±0.03 b	290±9.54 cd	1.45±0.03 a	42.92±4.9 d	15.16±0.34 a
	与上一年比 compared with last year	-14661±2397.21	−0.09±0.02	0.33±2.08	−0.03±0.05	-22.77±1.87	0.17±0.57
	补种处理 Replanting	64630±2153 a	2.5±0.02 b	300.67±19.5 bcd	1.41±0.03 b	91.27±4.83 a	15.13±0.21 a
	与上一年比 compared with last year	4161±3431.65	−0.03±0.03	3.33±11.24	−0.1±0.06	0.11±8.77	−0.21±0.5
	桂辐98-296 GF296	35975±3435 c	2.54±0.02 a	324.33±6.03 a	1.46±0.06 a	52.26±2.88 c	15.25±0.16 a
	与上一年比 compared with last year	19208±2473.78	0.13±0.02	9.67±1.53	−0.01±0.03	27.72±2.37	0.38±0.41
宿根第5年 The fifth year of ratoon	对照 CK	25710±3022 d	2.47±0.02 b	284.33±14.01 d	1.44±0.03 a	37.02±3.7 d	15.13±0.27 a
	与上一年比 compared with last year	−3866±826.78	0±0.02	−5.67±4.73	−0.01±0.03	-5.9±1.58	−0.03±0.11
	补种处理 Replanting	64665±2419 a	2.49±0.02 b	303±12.53 abcd	1.47±0.03 a	95.06±3.35 a	15.36±0.14 a
	与上一年比 compared with last year	35±966.22	−0.01±0.01	2.33±32.01	0.06±0.06	3.79±2.33	0.23±0.33
	桂辐98-296GF296	40546±2149 bc	2.49±0.02 b	309±10.15 ab	1.51±0.03 a	61.17±3.81 b	15.28±0.33 a
	与上一年比 compared with last year	4571±5373.73	−0.06±0.01	−15.33±13.05	0.05±0.04	8.92±6.66	0.03±0.35
同列不同小写字母分别表示数据在P＜0.05水平显著，下同。 Difference uppercase and lowercase letters in same column indicate significant differences between dates year at P＜0.05 levels, as same as below

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表 2 桂辐98-296种茎直接补种桂糖44号重要农艺性状及其产量

Table 2. Agronomic characteristics and yield performance of sugarcane varieties of direct replanting of GT 44 with GF296

种植年份 Planting year	群体 Groups	有效茎数目 Number of effective stems/(株·hm⁻² )	茎径 Stem diameter /cm	株高 Plant height /cm	单茎重 Stem weight /(kg·株⁻¹)	蔗茎产量 Yield /(kg·hm⁻²)	蔗糖分 Sucrose content /%
宿根第3年 The third year of ratoon	对照 CK	47611±1716 b	2.49±0.07 a	299.7±6.93 a	1.44±0.02 ab	68.72±3.19 b	15.18±0.61 a
	补种处理 Replanting	59954±4527 a	2.51±0.03 a	301.07±3.56 a	1.47±0.02 ab	88.09±5.67 a	15.11±0.37 a
	桂辐98-296 GF296	16133±1701 e	2.52±0.04 a	300.83±18.37 a	1.41±0.08 ab	22.8±2.49 f	14.95±0.21 a
宿根第4年 The fouth year of ratoon	对照 CK	31216±4077 c	2.47±0.10 a	308.3±16.98 a	1.33±0.05 b	41.56±5.25 de	15.37±0.33 a
	与上一年比 compared with last year	−16394.67±4152.41	−0.02±0.11	8.6±10.95	−0.11±0.07	−27.16±7.03	0.19±0.91
	补种处理 Replanting	61122±3061 a	2.49±0.13 a	306.63±18.26 a	1.5±0.07 a	91.64±1.58 a	15.36±0.58 a
	与上一年比 compared with last year	1168±6076.81	−0.01±0.12	5.57±17.48	0.03±0.09	3.55±4.21	0.25±0.72
	桂辐98-296 GF296	34754±3460 c	2.36±0.04 a	323.27±2.14 a	1.41±0.11 ab	48.47±2.26 d	15.41±0.73 a
	与上一年比 compared with last year	18621.33±5130.66	−0.16±0.08	22.43±18.63	0±0.17	26.01±5.97	0.46±0.9
宿根第5年 The fifth year of ratoon	对照 CK	26064±1550 d	2.46±0.19 a	295.57±24.07 a	1.42±0.04 ab	36.92±1.91 e	14.99±0.22 a
	与上一年比 compared with last year	4640.33±3971.76	0.01±0.03	−7.93±5.4	−0.05±0.07	3.85±6.92	−0.24±0.2
	补种处理 Replanting	65762±3500 a	2.5±0.13 a	298.7±18.20 a	1.45±0.01 ab	95.48±5.4 a	15.12±0.41 a
	与上一年比 compared with last year	4640.33±3971.76	0.01±0.03	−7.93±5.4	−0.05±0.07	3.85±6.92	−0.24±0.2
	桂辐98-296 GF296	37128±2120 c	2.46±0.05 a	316.47±13.03 a	1.44±0.1 ab	53.17±2.34 c	15.30±0.14 a
	与上一年比 compared with last year	2374.33±5468.48	0.1±0.08	−6.8±11.85	0.03±0.2	4.36±5.22	−0.11±0.74

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表 3 桂辐98-296种茎直接补种粤糖 00236重要农艺性状及其产量

Table 3. Agronomic characteristics and yield performance of sugarcane varieties of direct replanting of YT 00236 with GF296

种植年份 Planting year	群体 Groups	有效茎数目 Number of effective stems/(株·hm⁻² )	茎径 Stem diameter /cm	株高 Plant height /cm	单茎重 Stem weight /(kg·株⁻¹)	蔗茎产量 Yield /(kg·hm⁻²)	蔗糖分 Sucrose content/%
宿根第3年 The third year of ratoon	对照 CK	36309±1937 c	2.52±0.03 a	308.47±5.75 cd	1.56±0.1 a	56.48±0.87 c	16.00±0.13 a
	补种处理 Replanting	57399±3429 b	2.43±0.03 cd	314.9±4.55 bc	1.44±0.01 b	82.71±2.53 b	15.95±0.25 a
	桂辐98-296 GF296	21494±1893 f	2.38±0.04 cde	331.87±4.54 a	1.3±0.03 c	27.92±3 g	15.78±0.23 a
宿根第4年 The fouth year of ratoon	对照 CK	32420±2350 cde	2.51±0.04 ab	302.67±6.03 d	1.51±0.03 ab	48.82±2.56 de	15.77±0.25 a
	与上一年比 compared with last year	−3889±4256.6	−0.01±0.06	−5.8±2.31	−0.05±0.14	−7.66±1.74	−0.23±0.32
	补种处理 Replanting	64229±6094 a	2.44±0.03 bcd	321.6±1.51 b	1.42±0.02 b	91.33±2.08 a	15.71±0.16 a
	与上一年比 compared with last year	6829.67±722.73	0.01±0.06	6.7±6.02	−0.02±0.02	8.63±0.55	−0.23±0.2
	桂辐98-296 GF296	31796±2254 de	2.31±0.06 e	340.4±4.5 a	1.29±0.07 c	41.03±4.59 f	15.64±0.18 a
	与上一年比 compared with last year	10302.67±382.38	−0.07±0.02	8.53±0.81	−0.01±0.04	13.11±1.83	−0.14±0.37
宿根第5年 The fifth year of ratoon	对照 CK	30138±3386 e	2.49±0.1 ab	301.14±1.62 d	1.45±0.07 ab	43.65±3.21 ef	15.55±0.14 a
	与上一年比 compared with last year	−2282.67±5735.57	−0.02±0.04	−1.53±4.5	−0.05±0.1	−5.16±5.53	−0.22±0.12
	补种处理 Replanting	65699±5714 a	2.47±0.03 ab	308.77±7.81 cd	1.43±0.06 b	94.08±2.73 a	15.97±0.78 a
	与上一年比 compared with last year	1469.67±1514.85	0.03±0.06	−12.83±6.33	0.01±0.04	2.74±1.29	0.26±0.92
	桂辐98-296 GF296	34570±2421 cd	2.45±0.03 b	319.53±4.11 b	1.45±0.04 a	50.16±2.02 d	15.63±0.15 a
	与上一年比 compared with last year	2773.33±4662.54	0.14±0.03	−20.87±1.21	0.16±0.04	9.13±6.53	0±0.32

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表 4 桂辐98-296种茎直接补种的经济效益分析

Table 4. Analysis of agricultural economic benefits after direct replanting with GF 98-296

品种 Variety	宿根年限 The third year of ratoon	增产量 Cane stems increase yield(t/hm²)	新增农业产值 New agricultural output value(元/hm²)	补种量 (t/hm²) Amount of replanting	成本(元/hm²)				净收入 (元/hm²) Net incremental income
品种 Variety	宿根年限 The third year of ratoon	增产量 Cane stems increase yield(t/hm²)	新增农业产值 New agricultural output value(元/hm²)	补种量 (t/hm²) Amount of replanting	蔗种成本 Cane seed cost	补种作业 Replanting operation	砍收人工 Felling labor	合计 Total	净收入 (元/hm²) Net incremental income
GL2	宿根第3年 The third year of ratoon	25.47	12735.00	1.31	786.00	1200.00	3056.40	5042.40	7692.60
	宿根第4年 The fouth year of ratoon	48.35	24175.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	5802.00	5802.00	18373.00
	与上一年比 compared with last year	22.88	11440	−1.31	−786	−1200	2745.6	759.6	10680.4
	宿根第5年 The fifth year of ratoon	58.04	29020.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	6964.80	6964.80	22055.20
	与上一年比 compared with last year	9.69	4845	0.00	0.00	0.00	1162.8	1162.8	3682.2
	3年合计 Total	131.86	65930.00	1.31	786.00	1200.00	15823.20	17809.20	48120.80
GT44	宿根第3年 The third year of ratoon	19.37	9685.00	1.13	678.00	1200.00	2324.40	4202.40	5482.60
	宿根第4年 The fouth year of ratoon	50.08	25040.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	6009.60	6009.60	19030.40
	与上一年比 compared with last year	30.71	15355	−1.13	−678	−1200	3685.2	1807.2	13547.8
	宿根第5年 The fifth year of ratoon	58.56	29280.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	7027.20	7027.20	22252.80
	与上一年比 compared with last year	8.48	4240	0.00	0.00	0.00	1017.6	1017.6	3222.4
	3年合计 Total	128.01	64005.00	1.13	678.00	1200.00	15361.20	17239.20	46765.80
YT236	宿根第3年 The third year of ratoon	26.23	13115.00	2.81	1686.00	1200.00	3147.60	6033.60	7081.40
	宿根第4年 The fouth year of ratoon	42.51	21255.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	5101.20	5101.20	16153.80
	与上一年比 compared with last year	16.28	8140	−2.81	−1686	−1200	1953.6	−932.4	9072.4
	宿根第5年 The fifth year of ratoon	50.43	25215.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	6051.60	6051.60	19163.40
	与上一年比 compared with last year	7.92	3960	0.00	0.00	0.00	950.4	950.4	3009.6
	3年合计 Total	119.17	59585.00	2.81	1686.00	1200.00	14300.40	17186.40	42398.60

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种茎直接补种对宿根蔗农艺性状及经济效益分析的影响

作者简介:
蒋柱辉（1981—），男，硕士，高级农艺师，主要从事甘蔗栽培研究，E-mail：916077749@qq.com

周慧文（1990—），女，硕士，助理研究员，主要从事甘蔗栽培研究，E-mail：windyrentmd@qq.com

通讯作者:
游建华（1964—），男，博士，研究员，主要从事甘蔗栽培研究，E-mail：youjianhua01@163.com

丘立杭（1983—），男，硕士，副研究员，主要从事甘蔗栽培研究，E-mail：quihang163@163.com

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Analysis of Agronomic Characters and Agricultural Economic Benefits of Directly Replanting of the 3^nd Year Ratoon Sugarcane

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留言板

种茎直接补种对宿根蔗农艺性状及经济效益分析的影响

作者简介: 蒋柱辉（1981—），男，硕士，高级农艺师，主要从事甘蔗栽培研究，E-mail：916077749@qq.com 周慧文（1990—），女，硕士，助理研究员，主要从事甘蔗栽培研究，E-mail：windyrentmd@qq.com

通讯作者: 游建华（1964—），男，博士，研究员，主要从事甘蔗栽培研究，E-mail：youjianhua01@163.com 丘立杭（1983—），男，硕士，副研究员，主要从事甘蔗栽培研究，E-mail：quihang163@163.com

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Analysis of Agronomic Characters and Agricultural Economic Benefits of Directly Replanting of the 3nd Year Ratoon Sugarcane

计量

出版历程

目录

作者简介:
蒋柱辉（1981—），男，硕士，高级农艺师，主要从事甘蔗栽培研究，E-mail：916077749@qq.com

周慧文（1990—），女，硕士，助理研究员，主要从事甘蔗栽培研究，E-mail：windyrentmd@qq.com

通讯作者:
游建华（1964—），男，博士，研究员，主要从事甘蔗栽培研究，E-mail：youjianhua01@163.com

丘立杭（1983—），男，硕士，副研究员，主要从事甘蔗栽培研究，E-mail：quihang163@163.com

Analysis of Agronomic Characters and Agricultural Economic Benefits of Directly Replanting of the 3^nd Year Ratoon Sugarcane