• 中文核心期刊
  • CSCD来源期刊
  • 中国科技核心期刊
  • CA、CABI、ZR收录期刊

不同年份福州茉莉大白毫香气品质的比较分析

Aromatic Quality of Fuzhou Dabaihao Jasmine Tea Made in Different Years

  • 摘要:
    目的 探究不同年份福州茉莉大白毫香气感官品质与香气成分的差异,为确定茉莉花茶保质期和最佳品饮期提供理论参考。
    方法 通过感官审评和定量描述法评价茉莉花茶香气感官品质,采用顶空固相微萃取-气相色谱-质谱联用技术(headspace solid-phase microextraction-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, HS-SPME-GC-MS),对2021年、2022年、2023年生产的茉莉大白毫的香气成分进行测定。
    结果 结果表明,2023年茉莉大白毫香气品质最好,2021年茉莉大白毫因鲜灵度快速降低导致香气品质降低。2023年茉莉大白毫香气总量最高,为5 846.79 μg·g−1,分别比2022年和2021年高28.71%和41.68%。3个年份茉莉大白毫的香气组分间存在显著差异,并筛选出42种差异香气成分(P<0.05,VIP>1)。乙酸苄酯、芳樟醇、α-法呢烯、苯甲醇、顺-3-己烯醇苯甲酸酯、邻氨基苯甲酸甲酯、水杨酸甲酯、吲哚等作为茉莉花茶特征性香气成分,在2023年茉莉大白毫中含量显著高于2022年和2021年。42种差异香气成分与香气的浓度、鲜灵度和持久度皆呈正相关,且相关系数大于0.8的成分分别有36种、30种、34种。
    结论 从香气感官品质与挥发性成分的分析来看,福州茉莉大白毫的最佳品饮期在12个月左右,保质期在18个月左右。

     

    Abstract:
    Objective  Aromatic quality and chemicals of Fuzhou Dabaihao Jasmine Tea produced in different years were compared to determine the shelf life and quality changes of the product.
    Method A sensory panel was employed for qualitative assessment, and the headspace solid-phase microextraction-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry for quantitative aromatics determination of the tea made in 2021, 2022, and 2023.
    Result The tea made in 2023 was judged to be the best in aroma, while the 2021 product showed a significant decline on freshness. Quantitatively, the newer tea also had the greatest total content of aromatics at 5,846.79μg·g-1, which was 28.71% higher than the 2022 product and 41.68% higher than the 2021 product. The aromatic composition of the tea made in different years varied significantly with 42 differential compounds identified (p<0.05, VIP>1). The characteristic aromatics, such as benzyl acetate, linalool, α-farnesene, benzyl alcohol, cis-3-hexenol benzoate, methyl anthranilate, methyl salicylate, and indole were significantly higher in the tea made in 2023 than those produced in 2022 and 2021. The 42 differential aromatics positively correlated with the intensity, freshness, and lasting time of the tea aroma. And of those, 36, 30, and 34 compounds displayed a correlation coefficient greater than 0.8.
    Conclusion The sensory quality and volatile contents of the Fuzhou Dabaihao Jasmine Tea made in 2021-2023 varied. The optimal time for consumption of the tea was found to be 12 months after processing, and the shelf life approximately 18 months.

     

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