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双孢蘑菇9个杂交菌株的蛋白质营养评价与分析

郭仲杰 郑惠清 蔡志欣 卢园萍 曾志恒 廖剑华 陈美元

郭仲杰,郑惠清,蔡志欣,等. 双孢蘑菇9个杂交菌株的蛋白质营养评价与分析 [J]. 福建农业学报,2023,38(X):1−9
引用本文: 郭仲杰,郑惠清,蔡志欣,等. 双孢蘑菇9个杂交菌株的蛋白质营养评价与分析 [J]. 福建农业学报,2023,38(X):1−9
GUO Z J, ZHENG H Q, CAI Z X, et al. Protein nutritional evaluation and analysis of 9 hybrid strains of Agaricus bisporus [J]. Fujian Journal of Agricultural Sciences,2023,38(X):1−9
Citation: GUO Z J, ZHENG H Q, CAI Z X, et al. Protein nutritional evaluation and analysis of 9 hybrid strains of Agaricus bisporus [J]. Fujian Journal of Agricultural Sciences,2023,38(X):1−9

双孢蘑菇9个杂交菌株的蛋白质营养评价与分析

基金项目: 福建省公益类科研院所基本科研专项项目(2021R1035006, 2022R1035006),国家现代农业产业技术体系专项资金(CARS-20),福建省种业创新与产业化工程项目( zycxny2021011)
详细信息
    作者简介:

    郭仲杰(1974 —),男,硕士,主要从事食用菌育种研究,E-mail:550410857@qq.com

    郑惠清(1993 —),女,硕士,主要从事食用菌育种研究,E-mail:1132055710@qq.com

    通讯作者:

    陈美元(1972 —),男,博士,教授级高工,主要从事食用菌遗传育种研究,E-mail: 401061326@qq.com

  • 中图分类号: S 646.11

Protein nutritional evaluation and analysis of 9 hybrid strains of Agaricus bisporus

  • 摘要:   目的  分析评价双孢蘑菇野生种质创新杂交菌株的蛋白质和氨基酸营养成分,为利用野生种质选育营养价值更高的双孢蘑菇新菌株提供参考,  方法  以3个主栽品种为对照,测定分析了6个杂交新菌株的蛋白质与氨基酸含量,并参照WHO/FAO/UNU、IOM、全鸡蛋蛋白三种氨基酸平衡模式谱,采用IOM模式评分、氨基酸评分、氨基酸比值系数、氨基酸比值系数分、化学评分等多种指标进行综合评价。  结果  结果表明,野生种质创新杂交白色菌株福蘑63每百克蛋白质的的必需氨基酸含量46.76 g、必需氨基酸指数94.45、必需氨基酸比例41.72%、消化率校正氨基酸得分86.73等指标在9个菌株中都是最高的。而野生种质创新杂交棕色菌株的蛋白质、总氨基酸、必需氨基酸、药用氨基酸、甜味氨基酸、碱性氨基酸、支链氨基酸以及多种氨基酸的含量均显著高于主栽品种。  结论  研究说明现有双孢蘑菇白色主栽品种的蛋白质、氨基酸等营养成分仍有提升的空间,可以引入营养价值相对较高的野生种质资源,基于营养成分评价开展营养品质定向杂交育种。
  • 表  1  样品信息表

    Table  1.   Sample information table

    菌株编号
    Code
    菌株名称
    Name
    亲本来源
    Parents
    1As279602×8213
    2W19202×As2796
    3A15U1(Somycel9.2×Somycel53)
    4福蘑48 Fumo 48As2796×A15
    5福蘑52 Fumo 52W192×A15
    6福蘑63 Fumo 63(ARP159×AGQG841)×(02×As2796)
    7福蘑B07 Fumo B07Ag781314×As2796
    8福蘑B08 Fumo B08ARP088×As2796
    9福蘑B15 Fumo B15(ARP159×AGQL8133)×As2796
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  2  9份双孢蘑菇蛋白质营养成分

    Table  2.   Protein nutritional ingredients of 9 servings of Agaricus bisporus

    营养成分
    Nutrient content
    含量 Content(%)
    123456789
    蛋白质 Protein36.7033.5032.1035.9035.1035.5037.9046.3040.00
    天冬氨酸 Asp2.582.382.172.412.512.622.493.302.74
    苏氨酸 Thr*1.331.221.171.331.311.421.371.601.61
    丝氨酸 Ser1.271.221.151.241.281.381.321.581.52
    谷氨酸 Glu6.154.805.306.395.764.296.187.386.20
    甘氨酸 Gly1.341.261.171.341.351.391.291.601.54
    丙氨酸 Ala2.652.532.432.512.412.532.493.222.91
    缬氨酸 Val*1.451.311.251.441.441.521.481.741.75
    甲硫氨酸 Met*2.792.342.612.882.802.682.942.773.00
    异亮氨酸 Ile*1.201.101.061.201.231.261.201.441.37
    亮氨酸 Leu*1.911.731.651.881.921.961.852.112.11
    酪氨酸 Tyr0.790.800.670.740.740.810.790.860.91
    苯丙氨酸 Phe *1.171.071.031.161.181.261.181.341.38
    赖氨酸 Lys *1.461.371.021.441.481.561.511.781.86
    组氨酸 His0.560.530.490.550.570.600.580.620.70
    精氨酸 Arg1.381.361.201.341.451.451.371.571.48
    脯氨酸 Pro1.221.581.491.171.331.221.052.871.21
    氨基酸总量 TAA29.2526.6025.8629.0228.7627.9529.0935.7832.29
    必需氨基酸总量 EAA11.3110.149.7911.3311.3611.6611.5312.7813.08
    非必需氨基酸总量 NEAA17.9416.4616.0717.6917.4016.2917.5623.0019.21
    EAA/TAA (%)38.6738.1237.8639.0439.5041.7239.6435.7240.51
    EAA/NEAA (%)63.0461.6060.9264.0565.2971.5865.6655.5768.09
    药用氨基酸总量 MAA19.5717.1116.8219.5819.1918.0219.6022.7121.22
    MAA/TAA (%)66.9164.3265.0467.4766.7264.4767.3863.4765.72
    鲜味氨基酸总量 Total tasty amino acid8.737.187.478.808.276.918.6710.688.94
    甜味氨基酸总量 Total sweet amino acid6.596.235.926.426.356.726.478.007.58
    支链氨基酸总量 total branched chain amino acid4.564.143.964.524.594.744.535.295.23
    碱性氨基酸总量 total basic amino acid3.403.262.713.333.503.613.463.974.04
    *为必需氨基酸。表3同。
    *: Essential amino acid。The same as the table 3.
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  3  9份双孢蘑菇氨基酸含量统计参数

    Table  3.   Statistical parameters of amino acid content of 9 Agaricus bisporus

    氨基酸
    Amino acid
    平均值
    Mean /%
    变幅
    Range /%
    变异系数
    CV /%
    Asp2.58±0.302.17-3.3011.53
    Thr*1.37±0.141.17-1.6110.36
    Ser1.33±0.131.15-1.5810.03
    Glu5.83±0.874.29-7.3814.91
    Gly1.36±0.131.17-1.609.23
    Ala2.63±0.252.41-3.229.56
    Val*1.49±0.161.25-1.7510.70
    Met*2.76±0.192.34-3.006.76
    Ile*1.23±0.111.06-1.449.12
    Leu*1.90±0.141.65-2.117.57
    Tyr0.79±0.070.67-0.918.35
    Phe *1.20±0.111.03-1.389.01
    Lys *1.50±0.231.02-1.8615.17
    His0.58±0.060.49-0.709.71
    Arg1.40±0.101.20-1.577.01
    Pro1.46±0.521.05-2.8735.74
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  4  9份双孢蘑菇蛋白质的必需氨基酸含量

    Table  4.   Content of essential amino acids in 9 parts of Agaricus bisporus protein (%)

    编号
    Code
    HisThrLysLeuIleMetPhe+TyrVal合计
    Total
    11.914.554.996.534.109.546.704.9643.28
    21.994.595.156.504.148.807.034.9243.12
    31.894.523.946.384.1010.096.574.8342.34
    41.904.584.966.484.149.926.554.9643.49
    51.984.555.156.684.289.746.685.0144.05
    62.155.085.587.014.519.597.415.4446.76
    71.994.715.196.364.1310.116.775.0944.35
    81.734.474.975.904.027.746.154.8639.85
    92.174.995.766.534.249.297.095.4245.49
    A1.502.304.505.903.002.203.803.9027.10
    B1.802.705.105.502.502.504.703.2028.00
    C2.204.707.008.605.405.709.306.6049.50
    A为WHO/FAO/UNU于2007提出的氨基酸平衡模式谱; B为IOM于2005提出的氨基酸平衡模式谱; C为全鸡蛋蛋白模式谱。
    A is the amino acid balance model spectrum proposed by WHO/FAO/UNU in 2007; B is the amino acid balance model spectrum proposed by IOM in 2005; C is the whole egg protein model spectrum.
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  5  9份双孢蘑菇蛋白质的IOM模式评分

    Table  5.   IOM scores of 9 proteins of Agaricus bisporus

    编号 CodeHisThrLysLeuIleMetPhe+TyrVal
    1106.11168.5297.84118.73164.00381.60142.55155.00
    2110.56170.00100.98118.18165.60352.00149.57153.75
    3105.00167.4177.25116.00164.00403.60139.79150.94
    4105.56169.6397.25117.82165.60396.80139.36155.00
    5110.00168.52100.98121.45171.20389.60142.13156.56
    6119.44188.15109.41127.45180.40383.60157.66170.00
    7110.56174.44101.76115.64165.20404.40144.04159.06
    896.11165.5697.45107.27160.80309.60130.85151.88
    9120.56184.81112.94118.73169.60371.60150.85169.38
    平均值 Mean109.32173.0099.54117.92167.38376.98144.09157.95
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  6  双孢蘑菇蛋白质的氨基酸评分

    Table  6.   Amino acid score of Agaricus bisporus protein

    CodeHisThrLysLeuIleMetPhe+TyrValPDCAAS
    1127.33197.83110.89110.68136.67433.64176.32127.1880.80
    2132.67199.57114.44110.17138.00400.00185.00126.1580.42
    3126.00196.5287.56108.14136.67458.64172.89123.8563.92
    4126.67199.13110.22109.83138.00450.91172.37127.1880.18
    5132.00197.83114.44113.22142.67442.73175.79128.4682.65
    6143.33220.87124.00118.81150.33435.91195.00139.4986.73
    7132.67204.78115.33107.80137.67459.55178.16130.5178.69
    8115.33194.35110.44100.00134.00351.82161.84124.6273.00
    9144.67216.96128.00110.68141.33422.27186.58138.9780.80
    平均值
    Mean
    131.19203.09112.81109.92139.48428.38178.22129.6078.58
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  7  9份双孢蘑菇蛋白质的氨基酸比值系数和氨基酸比值系数分

    Table  7.   Amino acid ratio coefficient of 9 parts of Agaricus bisporus protein

    必需氨基酸
    EAA
    氨基酸比值系数(RC)平均值
    Mean
    123456789
    His0.720.750.720.710.730.750.720.710.780.73
    Thr1.111.131.121.111.091.161.121.201.171.13
    Lys0.620.650.500.620.630.650.630.680.690.63
    Leu0.620.630.610.610.630.620.590.620.600.61
    Ile0.770.780.780.770.790.790.750.830.760.78
    Met2.442.272.612.522.452.282.512.172.272.39
    Phe+Tyr0.991.050.980.960.971.020.971.001.000.99
    Val0.710.720.700.710.710.730.710.770.750.72
    比值系数分SRC43.2548.8936.6340.4243.2348.5840.5952.2249.0944.77
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  8  9份双孢蘑菇蛋白质的化学评分

    Table  8.   Chemical scores of 9 Agaricus bisporus protein

    EAA123456789
    His86.8290.4585.9186.3690.0097.7390.4578.6498.64
    Thr96.8197.6696.1797.4596.81108.09100.2195.11106.17
    Lys71.2973.5756.2970.8673.5779.7174.1471.0082.29
    Leu75.9375.5874.1975.3577.6781.5173.9568.6075.93
    Ile75.9376.6775.9376.6779.2683.5276.4874.4478.52
    Met167.37154.39177.02174.04170.88168.25177.37135.79162.98
    Phe+Tyr72.0475.5970.6570.4371.8379.6872.8066.1376.24
    Val75.1574.5573.1875.1575.9182.4277.1273.6482.12
    EAAI86.4986.9883.6586.6388.2494.4588.5680.6792.24
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  9  不同双孢蘑菇菌株蛋白质营养成分含量比较

    Table  9.   Comparison of protein nutrient content of different strains of Agaricus bisporus      (单位:%)

    营养成分
    Nutrient content
    主栽品种均值
    Main cultivar
    mean
    杂交白色
    菌株均值
    White strain
    mean
    杂交棕色
    菌株均值
    Brown strain mean
    蛋白质 Protein34.10±1.93a35.50±4.61a41.40±3.57b
    Asp2.38±0.172.51±8.612.84±0.34
    Thr*1.24±0.07a1.35±5.61ab1.53±0.11b
    Ser1.21±0.05a1.30±4.61ab1.47±0.11b
    Glu5.42±0.565.48±5.616.59±0.56
    Gly1.26±0.07a1.36±4.61ab1.48±0.13b
    Ala2.54±0.092.48±8.612.87±0.30
    Val*1.34±0.08a1.47±6.61ab1.66±0.12b
    Met*2.58±0.18a2.79±9.61ab2.90±0.10b
    Ile*1.12±0.06a1.23±3.61ab1.34±0.10b
    Leu*1.76±0.11a1.92±0.61ab2.02±0.12b
    Tyr0.75±0.060.76±8.610.85±0.05
    Phe *1.09±0.06a1.20±3.61ab1.30±0.09b
    Lys *1.28±0.19a1.49±7.61ab1.72±0.15b
    His0.53±0.03a0.57±6.61ab0.63±0.05b
    Arg1.31±0.081.41±4.611.47±0.08
    Pro1.43±0.151.24±7.611.71±0.82
    TAA27.24±1.46a28.58±3.61ab32.39±2.73b
    EAA10.41±0.65a11.45±4.61ab12.46±0.67b
    NEAA16.82±0.8117.13±9.6119.92±2.28
    MAA17.83±1.23a18.93±1.61ab21.18±1.27b
    EAA/TAA /%)38.22±0.3440.09±6.6138.62±2.08
    EAA/NEAA /%)61.85±0.8866.97±1.6163.11±5.42
    MAA/TAA /%)65.42±1.0966.22±5.6165.52±1.60
    鲜味氨基酸总量
    Total tasty amino acid
    7.79±0.677.99±4.619.43±0.89
    甜味氨基酸总量
    Total sweet amino acid
    6.25±0.27a6.50±3.61ab7.35±0.65b
    支链氨基酸总量
    Total branched chain
    amino acid
    4.22±0.25a4.62±0.61ab5.02±0.34b
    碱性氨基酸总量
    Total basic amino acid
    3.12±0.30a3.48±8.61ab3.82±0.26b
    注:a、b表示在(P<0.05)的水平上存在显著的差异。
    Note: a and b indicate that there is a significant difference at the level of (P<0.05).
    下载: 导出CSV
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  • 收稿日期:  2023-07-03
  • 修回日期:  2023-08-23
  • 网络出版日期:  2023-11-20

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