2007 Vol. 22, No. 4
Display Method:
2007, 22(4): 337-340.
Abstract:
Trace nutritional and phenolic compounds in the fruit bodies of Tricholoma lobayense Heim,Pleurotus geesteranus and Agrocybe chaxingu Huang,as well as the cultural and spent substrates were analyzed.Results indicated that the antioxidant activity of the edible fungi(FRAP value)correlated to their phenolic compounds(r2=0.9082,P 0.05),the phenolic components changed with mushroom variety,and their contents affected by the fibroid composition of the substrates and varied according to the fungal growing period as well.
Trace nutritional and phenolic compounds in the fruit bodies of Tricholoma lobayense Heim,Pleurotus geesteranus and Agrocybe chaxingu Huang,as well as the cultural and spent substrates were analyzed.Results indicated that the antioxidant activity of the edible fungi(FRAP value)correlated to their phenolic compounds(r2=0.9082,P 0.05),the phenolic components changed with mushroom variety,and their contents affected by the fibroid composition of the substrates and varied according to the fungal growing period as well.
2007, 22(4): 341-345.
Abstract:
ZB-6,a Bacillus subtilis strain obtained from healthy tomato leaf,showed a strong inhibitory activity toward plant pathogens.The Uniform Design was used to optimize the medium formulation for ZB-6 fermentation in shaking flasks.The identified formulation was∶sugar 4.82 g,beef extract 3.15 g,bean cake powder 11.01 g,ammonium nitrate 5.21 g,dipotassium hydrogen phosphate 5.04 g,and potassium dihydrogen phosphate 2.84 g.It increased the ZB-6 biomass concentration from 2.36×108 to 6.7×109 cfu·mL-1.
ZB-6,a Bacillus subtilis strain obtained from healthy tomato leaf,showed a strong inhibitory activity toward plant pathogens.The Uniform Design was used to optimize the medium formulation for ZB-6 fermentation in shaking flasks.The identified formulation was∶sugar 4.82 g,beef extract 3.15 g,bean cake powder 11.01 g,ammonium nitrate 5.21 g,dipotassium hydrogen phosphate 5.04 g,and potassium dihydrogen phosphate 2.84 g.It increased the ZB-6 biomass concentration from 2.36×108 to 6.7×109 cfu·mL-1.
2007, 22(4): 346-349.
Abstract:
Eight bacterial isolates,which originated from paddy fields in Fujian,were analyzed using 16SrDNA-PCR-DGGE.Through sequencing and Blast analysis,9 N2-fixing bacteria strains were believed to belong to Mesorhizobium sp.,Sphingomonas sp.,Rhizobium sp.,Bradyrhizobium sp.,Klebsiella sp.,Burkholderia cepacia,Pseudomonas sp.,Nocardioides and Rhodococcus sp.,due to their high homology with the related accessions in Genbank.
Eight bacterial isolates,which originated from paddy fields in Fujian,were analyzed using 16SrDNA-PCR-DGGE.Through sequencing and Blast analysis,9 N2-fixing bacteria strains were believed to belong to Mesorhizobium sp.,Sphingomonas sp.,Rhizobium sp.,Bradyrhizobium sp.,Klebsiella sp.,Burkholderia cepacia,Pseudomonas sp.,Nocardioides and Rhodococcus sp.,due to their high homology with the related accessions in Genbank.
2007, 22(4): 350-353.
Abstract:
Cycad revolute and cyanobacteria,which was isolated from the coralloid roots of the cycad and the surrounding soil,were reconstituted in the laboratory.The identities of the cyanobacteria were confirmed by amplified STRR primer and sequenced 16S rRNA.Comparing the STRR fingerprinting and 16S rRNA sequence,it was determined that the isolated cyanobacteria RZHA4 were able to infect the host plant.The strain RZHA4 showed high comparability with Nostocaceae cyanobacterium IL13-1 by blasting the NCBI.
Cycad revolute and cyanobacteria,which was isolated from the coralloid roots of the cycad and the surrounding soil,were reconstituted in the laboratory.The identities of the cyanobacteria were confirmed by amplified STRR primer and sequenced 16S rRNA.Comparing the STRR fingerprinting and 16S rRNA sequence,it was determined that the isolated cyanobacteria RZHA4 were able to infect the host plant.The strain RZHA4 showed high comparability with Nostocaceae cyanobacterium IL13-1 by blasting the NCBI.
2007, 22(4): 354-359.
Abstract:
Infectivity of 49 strains of Trichoderma spp.,which cause green mold epidemics on edible fungi,were investigated.The results showed that different Trichoderma spp.had varying infectivity and that infection by Trichoderma on mushrooms differed from plant pathogens.The most infective strain of Trichoderma spp.for mushrooms could be less infective to plant pathogens,indicating the specific infectivity of Trichoderma spp.This paper also discusses the infective mechanism of Trichoderma spp,as the results showed that Trichoderma could kill edible fungi’s mycelia via lysing cell walls,entangling,etc.;Trichoderma spp.fermentation fluid could depress mycelium growth of edible fungi and plant pathogens;and Trichoderma spp.produced chitinase did not directly associate with the infectivity.
Infectivity of 49 strains of Trichoderma spp.,which cause green mold epidemics on edible fungi,were investigated.The results showed that different Trichoderma spp.had varying infectivity and that infection by Trichoderma on mushrooms differed from plant pathogens.The most infective strain of Trichoderma spp.for mushrooms could be less infective to plant pathogens,indicating the specific infectivity of Trichoderma spp.This paper also discusses the infective mechanism of Trichoderma spp,as the results showed that Trichoderma could kill edible fungi’s mycelia via lysing cell walls,entangling,etc.;Trichoderma spp.fermentation fluid could depress mycelium growth of edible fungi and plant pathogens;and Trichoderma spp.produced chitinase did not directly associate with the infectivity.
2007, 22(4): 360-363.
Abstract:
Effect of micro-ecological regulator CHM-2 on composting of livestock feces was studied.The results showed that CHM-2 could significantly increase fermentation temperature during the early period of composting and decrease the effects of composting material on seed germination index.The maximum temperatures after inoculating CHM-2 were 65℃(chicken manure),61.6℃(swine manure)and 56.5℃(cattle manure)-all higher than the control.The time periods required for GI50% were 15d(chicken manure),15d(swine manure)and 10d(cattle manure)-shorter than the control.
Effect of micro-ecological regulator CHM-2 on composting of livestock feces was studied.The results showed that CHM-2 could significantly increase fermentation temperature during the early period of composting and decrease the effects of composting material on seed germination index.The maximum temperatures after inoculating CHM-2 were 65℃(chicken manure),61.6℃(swine manure)and 56.5℃(cattle manure)-all higher than the control.The time periods required for GI50% were 15d(chicken manure),15d(swine manure)and 10d(cattle manure)-shorter than the control.
2007, 22(4): 364-367.
Abstract:
An attenuated vaccine strain of Muscovy Duck Reovirus(MDRV),which was suitable for propagating in chicken embryo fibroblast(CEF),was obtained by serial passage alternately between Muscovy duck embryo fibroblast(MDEF)and CEF.The attenuated strain was proven to be not pathogenic to one-day-old Muscovy ducklings and the TCID50 to CEF stable between 10-5.0-10-5.5;no reversion of virulence for five passages continuously after introduction to one-day-old Muscovy ducklings;and negative on the exogenous virus test.The protection rate of the attenuated strain was greater than 88%,when the ducks were challenged with a virulent strain of MDRV 7 days after vaccination.The results indicated that attenuated vaccine strain of MDRV could be used as a live vaccine against MDRV,as it was free from exogenous virus contamination,and exhibited acceptable genetic stability,excellent safety and effective immunogenicity.
An attenuated vaccine strain of Muscovy Duck Reovirus(MDRV),which was suitable for propagating in chicken embryo fibroblast(CEF),was obtained by serial passage alternately between Muscovy duck embryo fibroblast(MDEF)and CEF.The attenuated strain was proven to be not pathogenic to one-day-old Muscovy ducklings and the TCID50 to CEF stable between 10-5.0-10-5.5;no reversion of virulence for five passages continuously after introduction to one-day-old Muscovy ducklings;and negative on the exogenous virus test.The protection rate of the attenuated strain was greater than 88%,when the ducks were challenged with a virulent strain of MDRV 7 days after vaccination.The results indicated that attenuated vaccine strain of MDRV could be used as a live vaccine against MDRV,as it was free from exogenous virus contamination,and exhibited acceptable genetic stability,excellent safety and effective immunogenicity.
2007, 22(4): 368-371.
Abstract:
Genetic diversity of 4 egg-laying duck breeds(3 native and one imported breeds)was determined by using 7 micro-satellite markers.A total of 40 alleles were detected by using 7 micro-satellite loci,and the average alleles per locus were 5.7142.All micro-satellite loci were highly polymorphic,with the mean PIC ranging from 0.5140 to 0.6680.Based on Nei’s standard genetic distance(DA),dendrograms were constructed by using the Unweighed Pair Group Method with Arithmetic Mean(UPGMA),and the Campbell duck and the Jinding duck were grouped together,while the Putian black duck and the Shanma duck clustered.
Genetic diversity of 4 egg-laying duck breeds(3 native and one imported breeds)was determined by using 7 micro-satellite markers.A total of 40 alleles were detected by using 7 micro-satellite loci,and the average alleles per locus were 5.7142.All micro-satellite loci were highly polymorphic,with the mean PIC ranging from 0.5140 to 0.6680.Based on Nei’s standard genetic distance(DA),dendrograms were constructed by using the Unweighed Pair Group Method with Arithmetic Mean(UPGMA),and the Campbell duck and the Jinding duck were grouped together,while the Putian black duck and the Shanma duck clustered.
2007, 22(4): 372-377.
Abstract:
Skin color,back muscle meat quality(i.e.,pH,nutritional composition,amino acids and fatty acids)and sensory evaluation of adult Pseudosciaena crocea harvested from the aquacultural(i.e.,enclosing and traditional caging)and open sea in the same area were determined.The results showed that the skin color and sensory quality of the P.crocea from enclosing aquaculture was similar to the wild(P 0.05)but superior to that from the traditional caging method(P 0.05).Comparing the P.crocea harvested from the enclosing and caging aquaculture,the former contained significantly higher(P 0.05)amounts of crude protein,amino acids,polypeptides and polyunsaturated fatty acids,and significantly lower(P 0.05)amounts of crude fat,saturated fatty acids and monounsaturated fatty acids than the latter.There were no significant differences(P 0.05)in pH,moisture and ash contents between the 2 aquaculture products.The quality and chemical make-up of the P.crocea from the enclosing aquaculture were close to those in the wild(P 0.05).
Skin color,back muscle meat quality(i.e.,pH,nutritional composition,amino acids and fatty acids)and sensory evaluation of adult Pseudosciaena crocea harvested from the aquacultural(i.e.,enclosing and traditional caging)and open sea in the same area were determined.The results showed that the skin color and sensory quality of the P.crocea from enclosing aquaculture was similar to the wild(P 0.05)but superior to that from the traditional caging method(P 0.05).Comparing the P.crocea harvested from the enclosing and caging aquaculture,the former contained significantly higher(P 0.05)amounts of crude protein,amino acids,polypeptides and polyunsaturated fatty acids,and significantly lower(P 0.05)amounts of crude fat,saturated fatty acids and monounsaturated fatty acids than the latter.There were no significant differences(P 0.05)in pH,moisture and ash contents between the 2 aquaculture products.The quality and chemical make-up of the P.crocea from the enclosing aquaculture were close to those in the wild(P 0.05).
2007, 22(4): 378-381.
Abstract:
The growth characteristics of Vigna sinesis Sari Var.(VS)and Phaseolus spp.(P)in Fuzhou Beifeng area were studied for two years.The nutritional components of the two forages were analyzed and their energy-producing capacities were estimated.The annual fresh biomass production of P and VS.were 65800 kg·hm-2 and 54700 kg·hm-2,respectively.The plant height of VS was considerably higher than that of P.at a same growing stage.However,the average biomass production per unit height of VS was significantly lower than P.The crude protein,fat and soluble carbohydrate of VS was 19.37%,3.56% and 19.25%,respectively.They were higher than those of P,which were 18.10%,3.45% and 18.87%,respectively.The total cellulose and lignin contents of VS were lower than those of P(i.e.,34.02% and 18.47% vs.35.32% and18.68%).Planting of 1 hm2 VS and P could annually obtain energy 60.77?106 kJ and 94.72?106 kJ,respectively.After deducting artificial auxiliary energy input,the solar energy utilization rate of growing the leguminous forages in Beifeng hilly land was estimated to be 0.271%-0.412%.
The growth characteristics of Vigna sinesis Sari Var.(VS)and Phaseolus spp.(P)in Fuzhou Beifeng area were studied for two years.The nutritional components of the two forages were analyzed and their energy-producing capacities were estimated.The annual fresh biomass production of P and VS.were 65800 kg·hm-2 and 54700 kg·hm-2,respectively.The plant height of VS was considerably higher than that of P.at a same growing stage.However,the average biomass production per unit height of VS was significantly lower than P.The crude protein,fat and soluble carbohydrate of VS was 19.37%,3.56% and 19.25%,respectively.They were higher than those of P,which were 18.10%,3.45% and 18.87%,respectively.The total cellulose and lignin contents of VS were lower than those of P(i.e.,34.02% and 18.47% vs.35.32% and18.68%).Planting of 1 hm2 VS and P could annually obtain energy 60.77?106 kJ and 94.72?106 kJ,respectively.After deducting artificial auxiliary energy input,the solar energy utilization rate of growing the leguminous forages in Beifeng hilly land was estimated to be 0.271%-0.412%.
2007, 22(4): 382-387.
Abstract:
Effects of energy-protein ratio and vitamin content in the diet for tilapia on its growth were studied.In addition,the vitamin content in the pond and tank in relation to tilapia growth was determined.The results showed that as the energy-protein ratio increased,both tilapia growth rate and feed efficiency decreased.The optimal ratio of energy-protein for the young fish was 39.62-48.29 kJ·g-1.The optimal protein content was 28%-31%.The feed with added vitamins in the tank,where plankton was in less quantity than in the pond,had significant effects on tilapia growth—the rate increased with the increased amount of vitamins.
Effects of energy-protein ratio and vitamin content in the diet for tilapia on its growth were studied.In addition,the vitamin content in the pond and tank in relation to tilapia growth was determined.The results showed that as the energy-protein ratio increased,both tilapia growth rate and feed efficiency decreased.The optimal ratio of energy-protein for the young fish was 39.62-48.29 kJ·g-1.The optimal protein content was 28%-31%.The feed with added vitamins in the tank,where plankton was in less quantity than in the pond,had significant effects on tilapia growth—the rate increased with the increased amount of vitamins.
2007, 22(4): 388-392.
Abstract:
Based on Fujian’s climatic and ecological conditions,as well as,the market demand,the lineage technique was applied to breed the new Mintian 208 sweet maize by crossing Mintianxi 0283 and Mintianxi 0155.It has passed the provincial examination in 2007.The Cide Cross test showed that the parent plants were highly compatible and could complement genetically in their agronomic characteristics.The regional field trials during 2004-2005 showed that Mintian 208 exhibited early maturity,high yield,good stability,broad adaptability,and an average fresh ear yield of 12726.0 kg·hm-2.
Based on Fujian’s climatic and ecological conditions,as well as,the market demand,the lineage technique was applied to breed the new Mintian 208 sweet maize by crossing Mintianxi 0283 and Mintianxi 0155.It has passed the provincial examination in 2007.The Cide Cross test showed that the parent plants were highly compatible and could complement genetically in their agronomic characteristics.The regional field trials during 2004-2005 showed that Mintian 208 exhibited early maturity,high yield,good stability,broad adaptability,and an average fresh ear yield of 12726.0 kg·hm-2.
2007, 22(4): 393-396.
Abstract:
Flammulina velutipes strain 8903 was used in the evaluation of the commercialization of the mushroom’s bag-cultivation and processing.The results showed that F. velutipes was poor in utilizing the nutrients in untreated sawdust,its hypha tended to produce yellow exudate,its stipes turned straw-yellow in color,the bag opening was 5-7 days later than the control,its fruit body radicle was straw-yellow in color,had low yield and poor quality.On the other hand,the fresh bagasse was rich in nutrients and could produce F. velutipes fruit bodies with higher yield and better quality than the bagasse,which had been stacked outdoor for a long time.The 14cm-height composting in the fungus bag(17.5 cm×38 cm×0.055 cm)was sufficient for F. velutipes’ nutritional requirement.Illumination(40w florescent lamp)for 20-24 h improved the shape,yield and quality of the mushroom.F. velutipes was more sensitive to yellow light followed by green light,but not to red light.Thus,yellow light induction would produce the best effects compared to other light.
Flammulina velutipes strain 8903 was used in the evaluation of the commercialization of the mushroom’s bag-cultivation and processing.The results showed that F. velutipes was poor in utilizing the nutrients in untreated sawdust,its hypha tended to produce yellow exudate,its stipes turned straw-yellow in color,the bag opening was 5-7 days later than the control,its fruit body radicle was straw-yellow in color,had low yield and poor quality.On the other hand,the fresh bagasse was rich in nutrients and could produce F. velutipes fruit bodies with higher yield and better quality than the bagasse,which had been stacked outdoor for a long time.The 14cm-height composting in the fungus bag(17.5 cm×38 cm×0.055 cm)was sufficient for F. velutipes’ nutritional requirement.Illumination(40w florescent lamp)for 20-24 h improved the shape,yield and quality of the mushroom.F. velutipes was more sensitive to yellow light followed by green light,but not to red light.Thus,yellow light induction would produce the best effects compared to other light.
2007, 22(4): 397-400.
Abstract:
Effect of S-deficiency on the characteristics of rice leaf photosynthesis was studied by using water culture.The results showed that under the S-deficiency condition,net photosynthetic rate(Pn),initial fluorescence value(Fo),ratio of the variable to maximum fluorescence(Fv/ Fm),actual photochemical efficiency(ФPSⅡ)and electron transport rate(ETR)in the leaves decreased significantly,non-photochemical quenching coefficient(NPQ)increased,and capability of photosynthesis decreased.Either destruction of PSⅡreaction center or reversible activity loss did not decrease the PSⅡactivity of the leaf.Increase of NPQ caused the decrease of Fo in S-deficient rice,and this might be a mechanism for the rice to adapt itself under adversity of S-deficiency.
Effect of S-deficiency on the characteristics of rice leaf photosynthesis was studied by using water culture.The results showed that under the S-deficiency condition,net photosynthetic rate(Pn),initial fluorescence value(Fo),ratio of the variable to maximum fluorescence(Fv/ Fm),actual photochemical efficiency(ФPSⅡ)and electron transport rate(ETR)in the leaves decreased significantly,non-photochemical quenching coefficient(NPQ)increased,and capability of photosynthesis decreased.Either destruction of PSⅡreaction center or reversible activity loss did not decrease the PSⅡactivity of the leaf.Increase of NPQ caused the decrease of Fo in S-deficient rice,and this might be a mechanism for the rice to adapt itself under adversity of S-deficiency.
2007, 22(4): 401-405.
Abstract:
Effects of silicon,boron and other trace elements on the physiological properties of lily were studied.The results showed that silica and trace elements,silicon in particular,increased the lily’s plant height by 2-8 cm,stem diameter by 1.98-2.05 cm,number of flowers by 8.3%-23.6%,and bud size by 2.1%-4.0%.And at the same time,they improved the N,P,K and chlorophyll contents in the plant.As the silica application increased(≤450 kg·hm-2),the above indexes increased correspondingly.
Effects of silicon,boron and other trace elements on the physiological properties of lily were studied.The results showed that silica and trace elements,silicon in particular,increased the lily’s plant height by 2-8 cm,stem diameter by 1.98-2.05 cm,number of flowers by 8.3%-23.6%,and bud size by 2.1%-4.0%.And at the same time,they improved the N,P,K and chlorophyll contents in the plant.As the silica application increased(≤450 kg·hm-2),the above indexes increased correspondingly.
2007, 22(4): 406-409.
Abstract:
Effect of C/N ratio in cultivation medium on the yield and quality of Coprinus comatus was studied.The results showed that yield of C.comatus on the C/N 28∶1(A2)and 32∶1(A3)medium were 285.5 g and 258.8 g.The content of amino acids,vitamin,fatty acids in fruiting boby of A1,A2,A3 are higher.Considering quality and efficiency,the C/N ration in cuttivation should be 28-32∶1.
Effect of C/N ratio in cultivation medium on the yield and quality of Coprinus comatus was studied.The results showed that yield of C.comatus on the C/N 28∶1(A2)and 32∶1(A3)medium were 285.5 g and 258.8 g.The content of amino acids,vitamin,fatty acids in fruiting boby of A1,A2,A3 are higher.Considering quality and efficiency,the C/N ration in cuttivation should be 28-32∶1.
2007, 22(4): 410-413.
Abstract:
A method of extraction and assay for the pectinesterase were investigated and proposed as follows: the best concentration of NaCl in extracting mixtrure is 5%,the best extracting temperature is 30℃,the best extracting time is 24 hours,the best conservating time is 24 hours,the best concentration of NaCl in mixture is 0.6% to 1.0%,and maintain the pH on 7.0.Between 30-50℃,the pectinesterase in achenes of Ficus awkeotsang has a good thermal stability.
A method of extraction and assay for the pectinesterase were investigated and proposed as follows: the best concentration of NaCl in extracting mixtrure is 5%,the best extracting temperature is 30℃,the best extracting time is 24 hours,the best conservating time is 24 hours,the best concentration of NaCl in mixture is 0.6% to 1.0%,and maintain the pH on 7.0.Between 30-50℃,the pectinesterase in achenes of Ficus awkeotsang has a good thermal stability.
2007, 22(4): 414-417.
Abstract:
A method for simultaneous and rapid determination of 7 organic acids(i.e.,oxalic,tartaric,malic,lactic,acetic,citric and succinic acid)in Prunus mume with reverse-phase high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC)was developed.HPLC was performed on a Hypersil ODS C18 column(250mm×4.6mm i.d.,5 μm)at 21℃,using KH2PO4(0.01 mol·L-1;pH 2.8)as mobile phase at the flow rate of 0.8 mL·min-1 and the detection wavelength of 215 nm.The recoveries of the organic acids ranged from 75.4% to 121.0% with relative standard deviations of 0.78%-2.12% and the limits of detection 0.022-1.290 μg·mL-1.The results of the 7 organic acids in 4 P. mume samples are presented.
A method for simultaneous and rapid determination of 7 organic acids(i.e.,oxalic,tartaric,malic,lactic,acetic,citric and succinic acid)in Prunus mume with reverse-phase high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC)was developed.HPLC was performed on a Hypersil ODS C18 column(250mm×4.6mm i.d.,5 μm)at 21℃,using KH2PO4(0.01 mol·L-1;pH 2.8)as mobile phase at the flow rate of 0.8 mL·min-1 and the detection wavelength of 215 nm.The recoveries of the organic acids ranged from 75.4% to 121.0% with relative standard deviations of 0.78%-2.12% and the limits of detection 0.022-1.290 μg·mL-1.The results of the 7 organic acids in 4 P. mume samples are presented.
2007, 22(4): 418-422.
Abstract:
Countering the actual situation in Fujian rural and the requirment for science and technology informization,the network technology,database managment technology and software development technology(J2EE and XML)have been comprehensively adopted to construct the rural service system and effictive or science and technology information.The main research contents in cluded:development for several types of database and managment system constrution of remote service platform of agricutural information,application of crop long-range diagnose service system,design of rural information collection and distribution system and constrution of "the last kilometer" information service models.This system consists of large information,comprehensive knowledge and meets with the requirements of information industry of Agricultural Science and Technology of Fujian Province in all aspects and at multiple levels.
Countering the actual situation in Fujian rural and the requirment for science and technology informization,the network technology,database managment technology and software development technology(J2EE and XML)have been comprehensively adopted to construct the rural service system and effictive or science and technology information.The main research contents in cluded:development for several types of database and managment system constrution of remote service platform of agricutural information,application of crop long-range diagnose service system,design of rural information collection and distribution system and constrution of "the last kilometer" information service models.This system consists of large information,comprehensive knowledge and meets with the requirements of information industry of Agricultural Science and Technology of Fujian Province in all aspects and at multiple levels.
2007, 22(4): 423-425.
Abstract:
The feasibility of building high-tech garden for flower in Xiamen is discussed,the aim,mode and organization of garden area is put forward.
The feasibility of building high-tech garden for flower in Xiamen is discussed,the aim,mode and organization of garden area is put forward.
2007, 22(4): 426-432.
Abstract:
Restricted factors of food productive capabilities in Fujian are analyzed,and food comprehensive productive capabilities in Fujian and its influence factors are also analyzed,food productive potential is forecast.The countermeasures for ensuring food safety are put forward,i.e.,protection of resources,utilization of plough land,supported by technology,market and alarm mechanism,food policy,and against or reduction of disaster.
Restricted factors of food productive capabilities in Fujian are analyzed,and food comprehensive productive capabilities in Fujian and its influence factors are also analyzed,food productive potential is forecast.The countermeasures for ensuring food safety are put forward,i.e.,protection of resources,utilization of plough land,supported by technology,market and alarm mechanism,food policy,and against or reduction of disaster.
2007, 22(4): 433-438.
Abstract:
The organization and policies in Taiwan for transforming achievements on agricultural science and technology into industrial/commercial applications are discussed.The Farmer’s Association,as the key organization in the mechanism,combines production,teaching and research to successfully promote the agricultural development in Taiwan.Based upon that experience,recommendations for Fujian agri-business are presented.
The organization and policies in Taiwan for transforming achievements on agricultural science and technology into industrial/commercial applications are discussed.The Farmer’s Association,as the key organization in the mechanism,combines production,teaching and research to successfully promote the agricultural development in Taiwan.Based upon that experience,recommendations for Fujian agri-business are presented.
2007, 22(4): 439-441.
Abstract:
As a new type of agricultural industry,"leisure agri-business" contributes not only to the demonstration of agricultural technology and promotion of agricultural economy,but also other functions.In this paper,additional functions like supplying leisure products,fostering agricultural culture,displaying agricultural arts and crafts,developing tourism,and facilitating exchanges between urban and rural people are illustrated.
As a new type of agricultural industry,"leisure agri-business" contributes not only to the demonstration of agricultural technology and promotion of agricultural economy,but also other functions.In this paper,additional functions like supplying leisure products,fostering agricultural culture,displaying agricultural arts and crafts,developing tourism,and facilitating exchanges between urban and rural people are illustrated.
2007, 22(4): 442-447.
Abstract:
The value of biomonitoring of heavy metals is to provide information for the evaluation of bioavailability and toxicity of polluted water.The ecological features of bioindicators on monitoring heavy metals in water are summarized.Progress and problems on the bioavailability and toxicity evaluation and research methodology development targeting heavy metals in polluted water are discussed.
The value of biomonitoring of heavy metals is to provide information for the evaluation of bioavailability and toxicity of polluted water.The ecological features of bioindicators on monitoring heavy metals in water are summarized.Progress and problems on the bioavailability and toxicity evaluation and research methodology development targeting heavy metals in polluted water are discussed.
2007, 22(4): 448-452.
Abstract:
The immune sytem of insect consists cellular and humoral immunity.The insect immunity at the molecular level showed its complexity.Insect’s pathogeny identification,signaling pathway and defense mechanism reveal a stark homology with mammal’s.Increasing number of studies are showing that the insect immunity has specificity,memory,and adaptation by changing their immunocytes to fend off different microbes.
The immune sytem of insect consists cellular and humoral immunity.The insect immunity at the molecular level showed its complexity.Insect’s pathogeny identification,signaling pathway and defense mechanism reveal a stark homology with mammal’s.Increasing number of studies are showing that the insect immunity has specificity,memory,and adaptation by changing their immunocytes to fend off different microbes.
2007, 22(4): 453-456.
Abstract:
This paper reviews the serine proteases’ structures,functions,protein engineering,expression system,and applications.Serine protease is a group of proteolytic enzymes that are important for its potential applications.All serine proteases have serine,histidine and aspartic acid in their active domain,and same catalytic mechanism.The members in the serine protease super family serve a wide range of physiological functions,especially in the pathogenesis of many diseases and intracellular signal transduction.Any minute alternations in their structures can result in significant functional changes.
This paper reviews the serine proteases’ structures,functions,protein engineering,expression system,and applications.Serine protease is a group of proteolytic enzymes that are important for its potential applications.All serine proteases have serine,histidine and aspartic acid in their active domain,and same catalytic mechanism.The members in the serine protease super family serve a wide range of physiological functions,especially in the pathogenesis of many diseases and intracellular signal transduction.Any minute alternations in their structures can result in significant functional changes.
2007, 22(4): 457-460.
Abstract:
The research progress in Shading efficiency for tea plants was swmmaried.Shading practice in the tea garden evidently changed the microecological environment of tea plants,especially affected the temperature and relative humidity in the crown of tea tree and the physicochemical properties of soil,and then affected the tea photosynthesis,the nutrient uptake,the metabolism and a series of physiological and biochemistry process in the re-distribution of nutrition in tea plants,finally resulted in the variation of its tea production and the formation of the natural quality.
The research progress in Shading efficiency for tea plants was swmmaried.Shading practice in the tea garden evidently changed the microecological environment of tea plants,especially affected the temperature and relative humidity in the crown of tea tree and the physicochemical properties of soil,and then affected the tea photosynthesis,the nutrient uptake,the metabolism and a series of physiological and biochemistry process in the re-distribution of nutrition in tea plants,finally resulted in the variation of its tea production and the formation of the natural quality.
2007, 22(4): 461-464.
Abstract:
A field experiment was conducted to study the efficiencies of the compounded organic fertilizer with monosodium glutamate(COFMSG)and when it was applied in conjunction with inorganic fertilizer(IF)for Tieguanyin tea.The results showed:(a)the application of either COFMSG or COFMSG in conjunction with IF increased the total 3 season(summer,mid-summer,autumn)fresh tea yield by 1.8%-7.0%,as compared with IF alone;(b)the highest yield was obtained when 50% of COFMSG and 50% of IF was used;(c)among the 3 seasons,the best fresh tea yield result was shown in the mid-summer with an increase by 5.7%-17.6% over the IF case;(d)the total amino acid content in tea,especially glutamic acid and phenylalanine,increased appreciably with COFMSG fertilizer.Based on the over-all improvement on total amino acid,yield,quantity and economic evaluation,the best fertilizer combination was determined to be half COFMSG and half IF.
A field experiment was conducted to study the efficiencies of the compounded organic fertilizer with monosodium glutamate(COFMSG)and when it was applied in conjunction with inorganic fertilizer(IF)for Tieguanyin tea.The results showed:(a)the application of either COFMSG or COFMSG in conjunction with IF increased the total 3 season(summer,mid-summer,autumn)fresh tea yield by 1.8%-7.0%,as compared with IF alone;(b)the highest yield was obtained when 50% of COFMSG and 50% of IF was used;(c)among the 3 seasons,the best fresh tea yield result was shown in the mid-summer with an increase by 5.7%-17.6% over the IF case;(d)the total amino acid content in tea,especially glutamic acid and phenylalanine,increased appreciably with COFMSG fertilizer.Based on the over-all improvement on total amino acid,yield,quantity and economic evaluation,the best fertilizer combination was determined to be half COFMSG and half IF.
2007, 22(4): 465-468.
Abstract:
Establishment of artificial wetland and sewage treatment for the dairy farms in Daheng,Nanping is introduced.The pollutant removal rate by the combination was analyzed during different stages.The result showed that the artificial wetland/sewer treatment combination could effectively remove N,P,BOD,COD,and SS in sewage.In addition,by cultivation of selected plants on the artificial wetland,it could supply fresh fodder for dairy cows reducing production costs for the farms.The practice could not only decontaminate the potentially pollution source but also recycle nutrients.
Establishment of artificial wetland and sewage treatment for the dairy farms in Daheng,Nanping is introduced.The pollutant removal rate by the combination was analyzed during different stages.The result showed that the artificial wetland/sewer treatment combination could effectively remove N,P,BOD,COD,and SS in sewage.In addition,by cultivation of selected plants on the artificial wetland,it could supply fresh fodder for dairy cows reducing production costs for the farms.The practice could not only decontaminate the potentially pollution source but also recycle nutrients.
2007, 22(4): 469-470.
Abstract:
A new method to extract small amount of plasmid DNA with LiCl was developed.The results showed that the quality of plasmid DNA extracted by using this method was basically identical to that of the conventional alkalinelysis.The method satisfied the need for basic molecular biology experiments,and the procedure was simplified shortening the extracting time by 24 min.
A new method to extract small amount of plasmid DNA with LiCl was developed.The results showed that the quality of plasmid DNA extracted by using this method was basically identical to that of the conventional alkalinelysis.The method satisfied the need for basic molecular biology experiments,and the procedure was simplified shortening the extracting time by 24 min.
